CCDM: TOPIC GONOCOCCAL INFECTIONS Flashcards
Urethritis, epididymitis, proctitis, cervicitis, Bartholinitis, pelvic inflammatory disease (salpingitis and/or endometritis) and pharyngitis of adults; vulvovaginitis of children; and conjunctivitis of the newborn and adults are localized inflammatory conditions caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Identification:
A sexually transmitted bacterial disease limited to
columnar and transitional epithelium, which differs in males and females in course, severity and ease of recognition.
In males symptoms:
presents as an acute purulent discharge from the anterior urethra with dysuria within 2–7 days after exposure.
Symptoms In females infection:
Often asymptomatic, some women have abnormal
vaginal discharge and vaginal bleeding after intercourse. risk of infertility and ectopic pregnancy
Common signs of infection in females and homosexual males:
pharyngeal and anorectal infections are common and, while usually asymptomatic, may cause pruritus, tenesmus and discharge.
What Gram stain method is used to test for NGU infections?
Modified Thayer-Martin agar) or tests that detect
gonococcal nucleic acid
Infectious agent
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the gonococcus
What form is resistant to penicillin and tetracycline?
Quinolone-resistant N. gonorrhoeae (QRNG)
Mode of transmission:
Contact with exudates from mucous membranes of infected people, almost always as a result of sexual activity. In children over 1 year, it is considered an indicator of sexual abuse.
Incubation period:
Usually 2–7 days, sometimes longer when
symptoms occur.
Period of communicability:
May extend for months in untreated individuals. Effective treatment ends communicability within hours
Treatment:
ceftriaxone IM (125 mg single dose), cefixime PO (400 mg single dose), ciprofloxacin PO (500 mg single dose), floxacin PO (400 mg single dose) or levofloxacin PO (250 mg single dose).
If chlamydial infection is not ruled out
patients infected with N. gonorrhoeae must also be treated with what ?
orally with azithromycin (1 gram single dose) or doxycyline (100 mg twice daily for 7 days).
Treatment for Gonococcal infections of the pharynx ?
ceftriaxone 125 mg IM in a single dose or ciprofloxacin 500 mg orally in a single dose.
GONOCOCCAL CONJUNCTIVITIS
NEONATORUM
(Gonorrhoeal ophthalmia neonatorum) Acute redness and swelling of conjunctiva in one
or both eyes, with mucopurulent or purulent discharge.
Long term conjunctivitis?
Corneal ulcer, perforation and blindness may occur
