Cardiovascular System - Lecture 1

Question 1

What is the function of the cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

To transport molecules fast over long distances between cells, tissues and organs

Question 2

What do the two ventricles of the heart do respectively?

Answer 2

One ventricle pumps blood to the lungs (oxygen)
One ventricle pumps blood to the body (deliver)

Question 3

What is the vasculature of the heart designed to do?

Answer 3

Carry out blood

Question 4

Where do arteries carry blood?

Answer 4

Away from the heart

Question 5

Where do veins carry blood?

Answer 5

Back to the heart

Question 6

What is conductance?

Answer 6

Response to systolic and diastolic pressure

Question 7

What is microcirculation?

Answer 7

Exchange between the blood and extracellular fluid

Question 8

What does blood carry?

Answer 8

Nutrients, oxygen and waste

Question 9

What are the red blood cells called?

Answer 9

Erythrocytes

Question 10

What are white blood cells called?

Answer 10

Leukocytes

Question 11

What are leukocytes responsible for?

Answer 11

Immunity and inflammation

Question 12

What are platelets responsible for?

Answer 12

Coagulation

Question 13

What is diffusion?

Answer 13

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration of the molecules to an area with a lower concentration

Question 14

What are the factors that regulate the process of diffusion (5)?

Answer 14

1. Distance
2. Temperature
3. Characteristics of the solvent
4. Characteristics of the molecule
5. Characteristics of the barrier

Question 15

How does distance affect diffusion rates?

Answer 15

The greater the distance, the slower the diffusion rate

Question 16

How does temperature affect diffusion rate?

Answer 16

Generally higher temperature leads to better diffusion

Question 17

How do the characteristics of the solvent affect diffusion rate?

Answer 17

Higher density leads to lower diffusion rates

Question 18

How do characteristics of the molecule affect diffusion rate?

Answer 18

High mass = lower diffusion

Question 19

How do characteristics of the barrier affect diffusion rate?

Answer 19

Cell membrane (affinity, surface area size and thickness)

Question 20

The cardiovascular system can function as a transporter due to:

Answer 20

Diffusion

Question 21

What is the equation for Fick’s Law?

Answer 21

Flux of gas = membrane diffusing capacity x pressure gradient across the membrane