Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the heart
an involuntary cardiac muscle
What does the heart do
beats to pump blood around the body
heart rate increases during exercise as oxygen demand increases
Oxygenated blood
high oxygen content
low carbon dioxide content
Deoxygenated blood
low oxygen content
high carbon dioxide
3 types of blood vessels
Veins
Arteries
Capilleries
Arteries
transports oxygenated blood away from the left side of the heart
Largest artery in the body is Aorta
carries blood under high pressure
Veins
transports blood from body back to heart and lungs for re-oxygenation
Carries blood under a low pressure
Capillaries
small blood vessels that carries blood to and from the body’s cells
One cell thick and are exchange points where oxygen and carbon dioxide cross in tissue cells
Vasoconstriction
Narrowing of the internal diameter to restrict the volume of blood running through it
Vasodilation
Widening of internal diameter of a blood vessel to increase the volume of blood travelling through it
Cardiac output
Volume of blood that the heart is able to pump in 1 minute. (Shows how much oxygenated blood is delivered to the body
Equation for cardiac output
CO(ml/minute) = stroke volume(ml/beat) x Heart Rate(bpm)
Diastole
Heart ventricle relax and heart fills with blood
Systole
heart ventricle contracts and ejects blood to the body
