cardio embryo

Question 1

Allantois –> Urachus is from what ligament?

Answer 1

Median Umbilical Ligament*** MEDIAN vs medial!!!!!

Question 2

What is the nucleus pulposus derived from?

Answer 2

Notochord

Question 3

What is the umbilical structure that is responsible for the umbilical artery?

Answer 3

Medial Umbilical ligaments*** MEDIAL vs Median!!!!!!

Question 4

The ligamentum teres hepatis (round ligament) is contained in the ________ ligament.

The ligamentum teres hepatis contains the ___________ vein.

Answer 4

Falciform Ligament

Umbilical Vein

Question 5

The PP directly related to what?

PP is inversely related to what?

Answer 5

SV

Arterial compliance

Question 6

Hyperthyroidism, AR, isolated systolic hypertension in elderly, OSA, and advance HF have an increase in what?

Answer 6

PP

Question 7

Aortic Stenosis, Cardiogenic shock, and tamponade have a decrease in what?

Answer 7

PP

Question 8

A wave is what?

Answer 8

atrial contraction

Question 9

C wave is what?

Answer 9

RV contraction

Question 10

X descent is what?

Answer 10

downward displacement of closed tricuspid valve during rapid ejection phase, during rapid ventricular ejection phase

Question 11

V wave is what?

Answer 11

right atrial pressure due to filing against tricuspid valve

Question 12

Y descent is what?

Answer 12

RA emptying in to RV rapidly

Question 13

What is the bulbus cordis going to become?

Answer 13

Smooth part of left ventricle or right ventricle (RVOT/LVOT)

Question 14

What does the endocardial cushion become?

Answer 14

Atrial Septum, membranous interventricular septum, AV/semilunar valves

Question 15

What is the left horn of sinus venosus give rise too?

Answer 15

Coronary Sinus

Question 16

What does the posterior, subcardinal, and supracardinal veins become?

Answer 16

IVC

Question 17

What does the primitive atrium become?

Answer 17

Left and Right atria

Question 18

What does the primitive pulmonary vein become?

Answer 18

Smooth part of Left atrium

Question 19

What does the primitive ventricle become?

Answer 19

Trabeculated left and right ventricle

Question 20

What does the right common cardinal vein and right anterior cardinal vein?

Answer 20

SVC

Question 21

What does the right horn of sinus venosus become?

Answer 21

smooth part of right atrium

Question 22

What does the truncus arteriosus become?

Answer 22

ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 23

What are Methionine, histidine, valine, in terms of amino acids?

Answer 23

glucogenic amino acids

Question 24

Isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, and tryptophan are what special thing about amino acids?

Answer 24

Glucogenic/ketogenic

Question 25

Arginine, histidine, and lysine are important how?

Answer 25

Basic amino acids

Question 26

What drug inhibits the late phase of sodium current? This reduces diastolic wall tension and oxygen consumption

Answer 26

Ranolazine

Question 27

What drug is a PDE-3 inhibitor, causes general vasodilation, used for short term use in acute decompensated HF?

Answer 27

Milrinone

Question 28

What drug prevents degradation of natriuretic peptides, such as angiotensin II, and substance P? What does it block?

Answer 28

Sacubitril This blocks neprilysin

Question 29

Neural tube formed by neuroectoderm and closes by what week?

Answer 29

Week 4

Question 30

What week does the upper and lower limb buds begin to form?

Answer 30

Week 4

Question 31

What week does the heart beat begin to beat?

Answer 31

Week 4

Question 32

What week is the cardiac activity visible on the transvaginal ultrasound?

Answer 32

Week 6

Question 33

What week is the baby starting to move?

Answer 33

Week 8

Question 34

What week are the genitals of the baby formed?

Answer 34

Week 10

Question 35

When in comes to HIV world: Which glycoprotein is for fusion and entry into host CD4 T cells? Which glycoprotein is for attachment to host CD4 T cells?

Answer 35

gp41 gp120

Question 36

What abnormal heart sound is due to rapid ventricular filling phase? What diseases have this as well?

Answer 36

S3 MR, HF, but can be normal

Question 37

What abnormal heart sound is heard at the apex, associated with ventricular noncompliance? What disease is this associated with?

Answer 37

S4 ventricular noncompliance (hypertrophy)

Question 38

What disease is the x descent not present? What disease is the y descent not present?

Answer 38

X descent: tricuspid regurgitation and right HF Y descent: elevated in constrictive pericarditis and absent in cardiac tamponade

Question 39

What disease is subluxation of lenses: typically upward and temporally?

Answer 39

Marfan

Question 40

What disease is subluxation of lenses: typically downward or medially?

Answer 40

Homocystinuria