CARDIO Flashcards
1
Q
Atrial Fibrillation
A
Digitalis compounds
2
Q
Torsades de Pointes
A
Mg Sulfate
3
Q
Cardiogenic Shock
A
Digitalis compounds
4
Q
Acute MI
- 1st step (4: “MONA”)?
- Transmural / ‘ST Elevation’ MI (1 procedure)?
- Subendocardial / ‘ST Depression’ MI (3: “HAB”)?
A
- 1st Step: “MONA”
- Morphine
- O2 (to minimize ischemia)
- Nitro (to vasodilate coronary art)
- Aspirin (to limit thrombosis) - Transmural / ‘ST Elevation’ MI:
- Angioplasty / Catheterization within 90 mins - Subendocardial / ‘ST Depression’ MI:
- Heparin IV drip (same function as Aspirin)
- ACE Inhibitors (to↓LV dilation)
- b-Blockers (to slow H.R =>↓O2 demand +↓risk of arrhythmia)
5
Q
Essential Htn- Blacks + Elderly
Mech?
A
Hydrochlorothiazide
MECH: Rid salt + water ->↓systolic + diastolic BP
6
Q
Htn- Hyperlipidemia
A
ACE Inhibitors
7
Q
Malignant Htn (3)
Mech?
A
- Diazoxide
- Fenoldopam
- Nitroprusside
MECH: Vascular smooth muscle relaxation
8
Q
CHF
- 1st Line (4 Categories, 2 in 1st category)?
- Other options (2)?
A
- 1st line:
- Vasodilators
* - ACE Inhibitors (↓BOTH preload + afterload)
- ARBs - b-Blockers
- Cardiotonics / Inotropic agents (eg Digoxin)
- Spironolactone
- Vasodilators
- Other options:
- Hydralazine + Nitrates (African-American patients)
- Diuretics (Loop or Thiazide) + Nitrates
9
Q
Chronic HF w ↓EF + unresponsive to gen therapy
A
Ivabradine
10
Q
HF + Renal Disease (2)
A
Hydralazine + Isosorbide
11
Q
Pulmonary Edema
A
Nitrates
12
Q
Dilated / Congestive Cardiomyopathy (7)
A
- Na restriction
- ACE Inhibitors
- b Blockers
- Digoxin
- Diuretics
- Implantable Cardio Defibrillator (ICD)
- Heart Transplant
13
Q
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (3)
Therapeutic Goal, Therapeutic Mech (2)?
A
TG =↑CO.
THER MECH:
- ↑Preload
- ↓obstruction
RX:
- Cessation of high-intensity athletics
- b Blocker (↓HR)
- Verapamil (↓Force of Contraction)
14
Q
Vasculites
- Mostly LARGE-Vessel?
- Polyarteritis Nodosa (MED) + Microscopic Polyangitis (SMALL)?
A
- Corticosteroids
- Cyclophosphamide
15
Q
Erection Enhancement
A
Nitrates
