CARDIO Flashcards

1
Q

Atrial Fibrillation

A

Digitalis compounds

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2
Q

Torsades de Pointes

A

Mg Sulfate

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3
Q

Cardiogenic Shock

A

Digitalis compounds

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4
Q

Acute MI

  • 1st step (4: “MONA”)?
  • Transmural / ‘ST Elevation’ MI (1 procedure)?
  • Subendocardial / ‘ST Depression’ MI (3: “HAB”)?
A
  • 1st Step: “MONA”
    - Morphine
    - O2 (to minimize ischemia)
    - Nitro (to vasodilate coronary art)
    - Aspirin (to limit thrombosis)
  • Transmural / ‘ST Elevation’ MI:
    - Angioplasty / Catheterization within 90 mins
  • Subendocardial / ‘ST Depression’ MI:
    - Heparin IV drip (same function as Aspirin)
    - ACE Inhibitors (to↓LV dilation)
    - b-Blockers (to slow H.R =>↓O2 demand +↓risk of arrhythmia)
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5
Q

Essential Htn- Blacks + Elderly

Mech?

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

MECH: Rid salt + water ->↓systolic + diastolic BP

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6
Q

Htn- Hyperlipidemia

A

ACE Inhibitors

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7
Q

Malignant Htn (3)

Mech?

A
  • Diazoxide
  • Fenoldopam
  • Nitroprusside

MECH: Vascular smooth muscle relaxation

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8
Q

CHF

  • 1st Line (4 Categories, 2 in 1st category)?
  • Other options (2)?
A
  • 1st line:
    • Vasodilators
      * - ACE Inhibitors (↓BOTH preload + afterload)
      - ARBs
    • b-Blockers
    • Cardiotonics / Inotropic agents (eg Digoxin)
    • Spironolactone
  • Other options:
    • Hydralazine + Nitrates (African-American patients)
    • Diuretics (Loop or Thiazide) + Nitrates
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9
Q

Chronic HF w ↓EF + unresponsive to gen therapy

A

Ivabradine

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10
Q

HF + Renal Disease (2)

A

Hydralazine + Isosorbide

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11
Q

Pulmonary Edema

A

Nitrates

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12
Q

Dilated / Congestive Cardiomyopathy (7)

A
  • Na restriction
  • ACE Inhibitors
  • b Blockers
  • Digoxin
  • Diuretics
  • Implantable Cardio Defibrillator (ICD)
  • Heart Transplant
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13
Q

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (3)

Therapeutic Goal, Therapeutic Mech (2)?

A

TG =↑CO.

THER MECH:

  • ↑Preload
  • ↓obstruction

RX:

  • Cessation of high-intensity athletics
  • b Blocker (↓HR)
  • Verapamil (↓Force of Contraction)
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14
Q

Vasculites

  • Mostly LARGE-Vessel?
  • Polyarteritis Nodosa (MED) + Microscopic Polyangitis (SMALL)?
A
  • Corticosteroids

- Cyclophosphamide

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15
Q

Erection Enhancement

A

Nitrates

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