Carboxylic Acids & Their Derivatives 20.1 - 20.5 Flashcards
a carboxylic acid is a compound with what type of group?
-COOH
2 types of carboxylic acids
- Monocarboxylic acids
- Diacids
contains 1 carboxylic acid group
Monocarboxylic acid
suffix of Monocarboxylic acids
suffix is “oic acid”
when a carboxylic acid is connected to a ring, how is it named?
compound is named as an alkane carboxylic acid
Formic acid
Acetic acid
Propionic acid
Butyric acid
Benzoic acid
contains 2 carboxylic groups
Diacids
suffix of Diacids
suffix is “dioic acid”
Oxalic acid
Malonic acid
Succinic acid
Glutaric acid
what is the hybridization and geometry of the carbon atom?
- sp2
- trigonal planar (120° bond angles)
carboxylic acids can form ? which allows molecules to associate with each other in pairs
2 hydrogen bonding interactions
explains relatively high boiling points of carboxylic acids
hydrogen bonding interactions
- treatment of a carboxylic acid with a strong base makes ?
- suffix is “ate” instead of “ic acid”
- ionic, more ? than carboxylic acid
- carboxylate salt
- water soluble
when dissolved in ?, an equilibrium is established in which the carboxylic acid and the carboxylate ion are both present
water
equilibrium favors carboxylic acid with a Ka around
10-4 or 10-5 ( 4 and 5)
- carboxylic acids are ? compared to inorganic acids (HCl, H2SO4)
- carboxylic acids are ? compared to organic compounds (alcohols)
- weak
- acidic
the acidity of carboxylic acids are due to the ? of the conjugate base
stability (resonance stabilized)
what pH is blood buffered to and what is the term?
- pH = 7.3
- physiological pH
Henderson-Hasselbach rearranged equation
[conjugate base]/[acid] = 10(pH-pKa)
