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Organic Chemistry > Carboxylic Acids & their derivatives > Flashcards

Carboxylic Acids & their derivatives Flashcards

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1
Q

_______________ is a derivative of acetic acid & is therefore a carboxylic acid derivative

A

Vinyl Acetate

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2
Q

Monocarboxylic acids

A

Are compounds containing one carboxylic acid group & they end in “oic acid”

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3
Q

The longest parent chain must have the __________ so it should have the lowest number

A

Carboxylic acid

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4
Q

When a carboxylic group is connected to a ring the compound ends in ______________

A

“Carboxylic acid” (ex. Cyclohexanecarboxylic acid)

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5
Q

What is the name of this common carboxylic acid?

A

Formic acid

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6
Q

What is the name of this common carboxylic acid?

A

Acetic acid

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7
Q

What is the name of this common carboxylic acid?

A

Propionic acid

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8
Q

What is the name of this common carboxylic acid?

A

Butyric acid

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9
Q

What is the name of this common carboxylic acid?

A

Benzoic acid

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10
Q

Diacids

A

Compounds that contain two carboxylic acids & end with “dioic acid” (ex. pentanadioic acid)

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11
Q

What is the name of this common diacid?

A

Oxalic acid

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12
Q

What is the name of this common diacid?

A

Malonic acid

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13
Q

What is the name of this common diacid?

A

Succinic acid

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14
Q

What is the name of this common diacid?

A

Glutaric acid

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15
Q

The carbon atom of a carboxylic acid group is ____ hybridized & has a trigonal planar geometry & 120-degree angles

A

Sp2

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16
Q

Carboxylic acid forms two _________ bonds interaction which allows it to have a high boiling point

A

Hydrogen bonds

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17
Q

Treating a carboxylic acid with a strong base (like NaOH) forms a _____________

A

Carboxylate salt

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18
Q

The pKa of most carboxylic acids is around what?

A

4-5

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19
Q

When an electron withdrawing group (induction) is on the _____ position (position closest to the carboxylic acid) then the induction effect is very effective but the further away it is the less effective the induction effect is & decrease the pKa

A

Alpha

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20
Q

What is the pKa when benzoic acid has a NO2 attached?

A

3.4

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21
Q

What is the pKa when benzoic acid has a CHO attached?

A

3.8

22
Q

What is the pKa when benzoic acid has a Cl attached?

A

4

23
Q

What is the pKa when benzoic acid has a H attached?

A

4.2

24
Q

What is the pKa when benzoic acid has a CH3 attached?

A

4.3

25
Q

What is the pKa when benzoic acid has a OH attached?

A

4.5

26
Q

From other lesson what are the few ways to form a carboxylic acid? (Review)

A
  1. Oxidative cleavage of alkynes
  2. Oxidation of primary alcohols
  3. Oxidation of alkyl benzenes
27
Q

When treated with aqueous acid a nitrile (compound with a cyano group) can be converted into __________ through hydrolysis

A

Carboxylic acid

28
Q

An alkyl halide can be converted into a __________ through CN(SN2) & H3O+

A

Carboxylic acid

29
Q

Carboxylic acid can also be prepared by treating a Grignard reagent with __________

A

Carbon dioxide & H3O+

30
Q

An alkyl halide (or vinyl or aryl) halide can be converted into ____________ with a Grignard reagent & carbon dioxide

A

Carboxylic acid

31
Q

Carboxylic acids are reduced to form _________ when treated with LAH

A

Alcohol

32
Q

Can also reduce carboxylic acid into alcohol with ________

A

BH3 * THF

33
Q

What are the 4 common types of carboxylic acid derivates?

A
  1. Acid halide
  2. Acid anhydride
  3. Ester
  4. Amide
34
Q

What type of carboxylic acid derivate is this?

A

Acid halide

35
Q

What type of carboxylic acid derivate is this?

A

Amide

36
Q

What type of carboxylic acid derivate is this?

A

Acid anhydride

37
Q

What type of carboxylic acid derivate is this?

A

Ester

38
Q

Any compound with a carbon atom that has 3 bonds by a ___________ are carboxylic acid derivatives

A

Heteroatom (such as Cl, O, & N)

39
Q

Acid halides ends in ______

A

“yl halide” (ex. Acetyl bromide)

40
Q

When an acid halide is connected to a ring then it ends in ____________

A

“carbonyl halide” (ex. Cylcohexanecarbonyl chloride)

41
Q

Acid anhydrides ends in __________

A

“Anhydride” (ex. Acetic Anhydride)

42
Q

_______________ are made from 2 different carboxylic acids so its name includes both acids alphabetically & end in “anhydride”

A

Unsymmetrical Anhydride (ex. Acetic benzoic anhydride)

43
Q

Esters are named by indicating the alkyl group attached to the oxygen atom & end in ________

A

“ate” (ex. Ethyl acetate)

44
Q

When ester group is attached to a ring it ends in ____________

A

“Carboxylate” (ex. Methyl cylcohexanecarboxylate)

45
Q

Amides ends in _________

A

“amide” (ex. acetamide)

46
Q

When an amide group is connected to a ring it ends in ____________

A

“carboxamide” (ex. Cyclohexanecarboxamide)

47
Q

When a nitrogen atom has an alkyl group the groups are indicated with the letter ____

A

N (ex. N-methyl acetamide)

48
Q

Nitriles ends in __________

A

“onitrile” (ex. acetonitrile)

49
Q

________ are most reactive because it’s the most electrophilic since it has induction & resonance

A

Acid halides

50
Q

Nucleophilic acyl substitution

A

Is when a nucleophile replaces the leaving group on a carboxylic acid derivate

Organic Chemistry (47 decks)

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