Canid evolution

Question 1

kingdom of dogs

Answer 1

animalia

Question 2

class of dogs

Answer 2

Mammalia

Question 2

phylum of dogs

Answer 2

chordata

Question 3

order of dogs

Answer 3

carnivora

Question 4

family of dogs

Answer 4

canidae

Question 5

sub family of dogs

Answer 5

caninae

Question 6

genus of dogs

Answer 6

canis

Question 7

species of dogs

Answer 7

lupis

Question 8

sub species of dogs

Answer 8

familiaris

Question 9

what are the two suborders talked about in this class of the order Carnivora

Answer 9

-feliformia (cats, mongooses)
-caniformia (dogs bears, seals)

Question 10

carnivoran

Answer 10

mostly herbavore

Question 11

what is a hypocarnivore

Answer 11

consumes less than 30% meat for its diet, the majority of which consists of fungi, fruits, and other plant material

Question 12

what is a misocarnivore

Answer 12

A mesocarnivore is an animal whose diet consists of 30–70% meat with the balance consisting of non-vertebrate foods which may include insects, fungi, fruits, other plant material and any food that is available to them

Question 13

what is a obligate carnivore

Answer 13

Obligate or “true” carnivores are those whose diet requires nutrients found only in animal flesh in the wild

Question 14

what is the carnassial teeth

Answer 14

-forth upper premolar and first lower molar
-for slicing muscle and tendons

Question 15

what is the story on Carnivora evolution

Answer 15

-miacids are the ancestral family for all carnivoran (54 mya)
-miacids split ~40 mya into: feliforms (cat-like) and caniforms (dog-like)
-have carnassial teeth

Question 16

what are the three sub-families of canidae

Answer 16

-hesperocyoninae
-borophaginae
-caninae (existant)

Question 17

hesperocyoninae

Answer 17

40-15 mya in NA
(ate meats and plants, went extinct because of borophaginae)

Question 18

borophaginae

Answer 18

34-2 mya in NA
(bone crushers, fox sized. cats prob cause extinction because they are the same size, eat simular foods but better hunters

Question 19

how long ago did canids originate

Answer 19

40 mya

Question 20

urocyon

Answer 20

-oldest branch of canids (~12 mya)
-can climb trees
-induced ovulators
-more ominous
-most active at dusk and dawn
-ie. grey fox and island fox

Question 21

vulpes

Answer 21

-diverged around 9-10 mya
-flatter skulls and longer noses
-ie. red fox, arctic fox, swift fox

Question 22

what is the only canid with fur on its paws

Answer 22

arctic fox

Question 23

lycalopex

Answer 23

-this group diverged about 6-7 mya
-more closely related to wolf-like canids
-hoary fox
darwins fox

Question 24

wolf-like canids

Answer 24

-lupulella (jackals)
-lycaon (African wild dog)
-cuon (Asian wild dog)
-canis (golden jackal, wolves, dogs

Question 25

what is a basil branch

Answer 25

the first branch

Question 26

what is the order that things branched off on the phylogenetic tree

Answer 26

(oldest)
urocyon
vulpes
lycalopex
wolf-like