Cancer

Question 1

Screening guidelines for mammograms

Answer 1

Starting age 50 -75 every 2 years

Question 2

Screening guidelines for cervical cancer

Answer 2

Pap smear starting age 21 every 3 years until 65

Question 3

Screening guidelines for prostate cancer

Answer 3

No recommended screening

Question 4

Screening guidelines for colon cancer

Answer 4

Colonoscopy every 10 years from 50-75

Question 5

Screening guidelines for lung cancer?

Answer 5

Annual chest CT for smokers w/ 30 pack year history from age 55-80

Question 6

Alkaline phosphatase tumor marker

Answer 6

Metastases to bone or liver
Pagets disease
Seminoma

Question 7

Alpha feto protein

Answer 7

Hepatocellular carcinoma
Yolk sac tumor

**high levels also associated with neural tube and abdominal wall defects

**low levels in down syndrome

Question 8

B-hCG

Answer 8

Hydatidaform moles
Choriocarcinoma

**produced by synchtiotrophoblasts of the placenta

Question 9

CA19-9

Answer 9

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Question 10

CA125

Answer 10

Ovarian cancer

Question 11

CEA

Answer 11

Non specific but produced in 70% of colon and pancreatic cancers

Question 12

Chromogranin

Answer 12

Neuroendocrine tumors/ carcinoid

Question 13

S100

Answer 13

Melanoma

Schwannoma

Question 14

TRAP

Answer 14

Hairy Cell Leukemia

Question 15

Methotrexate

Answer 15

Inhibits dihydrofolate reducatse

Question 16

Inhibits thymidylate synthase

Answer 16

5-Fluorouracil

Question 17

What can be given to reverse the myelosuppression from methotrexate?

Answer 17

Leucovorin

Question 18

Rate liming step in purine synthesis is inhibited by what cancer drug?

Answer 18

RL = glutamine PRPP amidotransferase

Inhibited by 6-Mercaptopurine

Question 19

Cancer drug inhibited by xanthine oxidase?

Answer 19

6-Mercaptopurine

Question 20

MOA and SE of busulfan?

Answer 20

Cross links DNA

SE = pulmonary fibrosis!

Question 21

Cancer drug that cross-links DNA

Can cause hemorrhagic cystits

Answer 21

Cyclophosphamide

Question 22

What drug can be used to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis causes by cyclophosphamide?

Answer 22

Mesna

Question 23

Use for carmustine

Answer 23

Alkylating agent that can cross blood-brain barrier!! Used for brain tumors, also causes CNS toxicity

Question 24

Doxorubicin

Daunorubicin

Answer 24

Generates free radicals AND interalates DNA

Question 25

Antitumor antibiotics that are cardiotoxic and cause dialated cardiomyopathy?

Answer 25

Doxorubicin | Daunorubicin

Question 26

2 anti-cancer drugs that cause pulmonary fibrosis?

Answer 26

Busulfan (alkylates) | Bleomycin (Fragments DNA)

Question 27

Blocks purine synthesis | Metabolized by xanthine oxidase

Answer 27

6-MP

Question 28

Nitrogen mustard | Alkylates DNA

Answer 28

Carmustine

Question 29

DNA alkylating agents used in brain cancer

Answer 29

Nitrosoureas Carmustine Lomustine Semustine **Can cross blood brain barrier!!

Question 30

Intercalates DNA Produces oxygen free radials Cardiotoxic

Answer 30

Doxorubicin

Question 31

Applied topically for actinic keratoses and basal cell cancers

Answer 31

5-FU

Question 32

Treatment for childhood tumors: Ewing Sarcoma, WIlms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma

Answer 32

Dactinomycin "Children Act Out"

Question 33

4 drug categories that are both Nephrotoxic and ototoxic

Answer 33

``` Vancomycin Aminoglycosides Loop Diuretics Cisplatin Carboplatin ```

Question 34

Drugs used for testicular cancer?

Answer 34

"Eardicate Ball Cancer" Etoposide Bleomycin Cisplatin

Question 35

Blocks polymerizaiton of microtubules

Answer 35

Vincristine | Vinblastine

Question 36

Hyperstabilize polymerized microtubules in M phase so that mitosis spindle cannot break down

Answer 36

Paclitaxel

Question 37

Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase

Answer 37

Hydroxyurea

Question 38

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor of BCR-ABL

Answer 38

Imatinib

Question 39

Monoclonal antibody against HER-2

Answer 39

Trastuzumab