C2 p3 slides Proteins

Question 1

Proteins are polymers of ?

Answer 1

Amino acids

Question 2

short amino acid chains are called

Answer 2

peptides

Question 3

Total basic and modified amino acids

Answer 3

150

Question 4

Proteins made on ribosomes contain only ?-amino acids

Answer 4

L

Question 5

In solution, amino acids are ?, meaning they have both positive and negative charges

Answer 5

zwitterions

Question 6

The chiral carbon i an amino acid is called an ?

Answer 6

alpha carbon

Question 7

The amino group of an amino acid is protonated or unprotonated at neutral ph

Answer 7

protonated (99%)

Question 8

The carboxyl group of an amino acid is protonated or unprotonated at neutral ph

Answer 8

unprotonated (99.999%)

Question 9

pk2 of amino acid (amino group)

Answer 9

9.6

Question 10

pk1 of amino acid (carboxyl group)

Answer 10

2.3

Question 11

Tryptophan is polar or nonpolar

Answer 11

nonpolar

Question 12

glycine is unique in that ?

Answer 12

it’s side chain only consists of hydrogen

Question 13

Glycine is technically hydrophobic or hydrophillic

Answer 13

hydrophobic

Question 14

glycine often resides where ?

Answer 14

two polypeptides come in close contact

Question 15

Amino acid that can fit into either hydrophobic or hydrophilic region

Answer 15

glycine

Question 16

amino acid acid side chain with pka closest to physiological ph

Answer 16

histidine

Question 17

With which group would cysteine fall into if it did not have a special characteristic

Answer 17

uncharged, polar

Question 18

forms disulfide bond with another one of it’s molecules

Answer 18

cysteine

Question 19

Proline would fall into this group if it did not have a special character

Answer 19

nonpolar

Question 20

amino acid that creates kinks in polypeptide chain

Answer 20

proline

Question 21

bond between amino acids

Answer 21

peptide bond

Question 22

a peptide bond is a form of ? bond

Answer 22

amide

Question 23

This bond has characteristics of a double bond

Answer 23

peptide

Question 24

Nucleotides are joined together by ?

Answer 24

phosphodiester linkage

Question 25

Three major functions of nucleotides

Answer 25

carry chemical energy, can combine with other molecules to form coenzymes, signalling molecules

Question 26

nucleoside

Answer 26

sugar + base

Question 27

phosphates of ATP connected by ?

Answer 27

phosphoanhydride bonds

Question 28

Biological molecules are put together with ? reactions

Answer 28

condensation