C2 p3 slides Proteins Flashcards
Proteins are polymers of ?
Amino acids
short amino acid chains are called
peptides
Total basic and modified amino acids
150
Proteins made on ribosomes contain only ?-amino acids
L
In solution, amino acids are ?, meaning they have both positive and negative charges
zwitterions
The chiral carbon i an amino acid is called an ?
alpha carbon
The amino group of an amino acid is protonated or unprotonated at neutral ph
protonated (99%)
The carboxyl group of an amino acid is protonated or unprotonated at neutral ph
unprotonated (99.999%)
pk2 of amino acid (amino group)
9.6
pk1 of amino acid (carboxyl group)
2.3
Tryptophan is polar or nonpolar
nonpolar
glycine is unique in that ?
it’s side chain only consists of hydrogen
Glycine is technically hydrophobic or hydrophillic
hydrophobic
glycine often resides where ?
two polypeptides come in close contact
Amino acid that can fit into either hydrophobic or hydrophilic region
glycine
amino acid acid side chain with pka closest to physiological ph
histidine
With which group would cysteine fall into if it did not have a special characteristic
uncharged, polar
forms disulfide bond with another one of it’s molecules
cysteine
Proline would fall into this group if it did not have a special character
nonpolar
amino acid that creates kinks in polypeptide chain
proline
bond between amino acids
peptide bond
a peptide bond is a form of ? bond
amide
This bond has characteristics of a double bond
peptide
Nucleotides are joined together by ?
phosphodiester linkage
Three major functions of nucleotides
carry chemical energy, can combine with other molecules to form coenzymes, signalling molecules
nucleoside
sugar + base
phosphates of ATP connected by ?
phosphoanhydride bonds
Biological molecules are put together with ? reactions
condensation
