C / 17 - glycopeptides, lipopeptides, bacitracin, mupirocin

Question 1

MOA of glycopeptides

Answer 1

Cell wall synthesis inhibitors : stop the cross-links by inhibiting the transglycosylation reactions that elongate the peptidoglycan chains

Question 2

List 3 glycopeptides

Answer 2

• Vancomycin
• Teicoplanin
• Oritavancin

Question 3

Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Oritavancin
Spectrum
Indications
Toxicity

Answer 3

• Gram (+) : s. aureus, MRSA, clostridium difficile, enterococci, pneumococci
• Endocarditis, meningitis
• Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, red man syndrome (flushing due to IV administration)

Question 4

Examples of a lipopeptide and a polypeptide antibiotics

Answer 4

• lipopeptide : daptomycin
• polypeptide : bacitracin

Question 5

Daptomycin
MOA
Spectrum
Indications
ROA
Toxicity

Answer 5

• Binds to cytoplasmic membrane and disrupts ionic gradients : bactericidal
• Gram (+) bacteria - MRSA, VRSA
• Cannot be used for pulmonary infections because it inactivates the surfactant
• IV infusion
• Myopathy, rhabdomyolysis

Question 6

Bacitracin
MOA
Spectrum
ROA
Toxicity

Answer 6

• Cell wall synthesis inhibitor : interferes with the lipid carrier
• Gram (+) bacteria (strep, staph, clostridium, dipheteria)
• Topical
• Nephrotoxicity

Question 7

Mupirocin
MOA
Spectrum
ROA
Toxicity

Answer 7

• Protein synthesis inhibitor
• Gram (+) bacteria : MRSA
• Topical
• Local itching, burning, rash