C / 15 - macrolides, pleuromutilins

Question 1

MOA of macrolides and pleuromutilins

Answer 1

Bind to 50S ribosomal subunit and inhibit translocation of tRNA : bacteriostatic

Question 2

List 3 macrolides

Answer 2

• Clarithromycin
• Roxithromycin
• Azithromycin

Question 3

Roxithromycin (erythromycin)
Spectrum
Indications (4)
ROA
Toxicity (4)

Answer 3

• Broad spectrum : gram (+) and (-) cocci, chlamydia, mycoplasma
• Respiratory infections, chlamydia, penicillin allergy, bordetella pertussis
• Oral
• Gi symptoms, acute cholestatic hepatitis, fever, eosinophilia

Question 4

Clarithromycin
Spectrum
Indications (3)
ROA
Pharmacokinetics
Toxicity

Answer 4

• Gram (+) and (-) cocci, but more active against mycobacterium, toxoplasma gondii, h. influenzae
• Respiratory infections, gastric / duodenal ulcers, urogenital infections
• Oral, parenteral
• Better absorption
• Less GI symptoms

Question 5

Azithromycin
Spectrum
Indications
ROA
Dose
Toxicity

Answer 5

• Similar to erythromycin, more selective to Neisseria, H/ influenza
• Acquired pneumonia, uroG infections
• Oral
• 1x500mg for 3 days
• Less GI symptoms

Question 6

Example of pleuromutilin

Answer 6

lefamulin

Question 7

Indication of lefamulin

Answer 7

For treatment of bacterial community acquired pneumonia