C / 13 - aminoglycosides

Question 1

MOA of aminoglycosides (3)

Answer 1

• Binds to 30S subunit and block initiation complex + induce misreading of mRNA + inhibit translocation
• Bactericidal
• Post antibiotic effect (killing continues after levels are below MIC)

Question 2

Aminoglycosides
ROA
Pharmacokinetics
Toxicity (5)

Answer 2

• Parenteral (all), oral + topical (kanamycin, neomycin)
• Renal elimination
• Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade, allergic skin reaction, teratogenicity

Question 3

List 5 aminoglycosides

Answer 3

• Gentamycin
• Amikacin
• Streptomycin
• Kanamycin
• Neomycin

Question 4

Gentamycin, tobramycin, netilmicin, amikacin
Spectrum
Indications

Answer 4

• Aerobic gram (-) bacteria (E coli, enterobacter…)
• Used in combination with cell wall synthesis inhibitors (penicillins, cephalosporins)

Question 5

Streptomycin
Spectrum
Indications

Answer 5

• TB, tularemia, enterococcal endocarditis
• Used in combination with penicillin

Question 6

Kanamycin, neomycin
Clinical use

Answer 6

Used to suppress intestinal flora before bowel surgery