Bronchiectatsis Flashcards
1
Q
What is Bronchiectasis?
A
A permanent abnormal dilation of one or two bronchi, causing mucus to pool causing infection in airways
2
Q
Describe the pathology of bronchiectasis (5 steps to the “cycle”)
A
Impaired cilia cause mucus plugs
This causes infection
Which then causes increased mucus, more impaired cilia and an increased inflammatory response
Which then causes tissue damage, scarring and fibrosing
Eventually causing dilated bronchi
3
Q
What are the causes of bronchiectasis? (See notes for all)
A
Idiopathic Childhood respiratory illness CF Immunodeficiency Ciliary dysfunction
4
Q
What are the signs and symptoms?
A
Cough Chronic sputum production Chest pain Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps Coughing blood
5
Q
Name four ways of diagnosis
A
CXR
CT scan
Blood tests
PFT
6
Q
What are the four types of bronchiectasis?
A
Saccular
Varicose
Cyndrical
Localised/widespread
7
Q
What are the symptoms of exacerbation?
A
Change in sputum Increased SOB and cough Increased temp Increased wheezing Increased fatigue/lethargy Decreased pulmonary function Changes in CXR Change in chest sounds
8
Q
What are the treatments? (8)
A
Antibiotics Bronchodilators Steroids Nasal spray Vaccinations Surgery Physio Independent management of their chest
