Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AMK > Breast Diseases > Flashcards

Breast Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Paget’s Disease of the Breast

A
  • more common in older women
  • eczema-like rash around nipple and areola
  • has underlying mass
  • commonly associated with cancer
  • bloody nipple discharge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Fibroadenoma

A
  • benign breast lump
  • smooth firm and highly mobile
  • painless
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Fibrocystic breast disease

A
  • lumpy breasts
  • tender
  • fluctuates with the menstrual cycle
  • not associated with fever or breast feeding
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Lactational breast abscess

A
  • caused by infectious mastitis
  • typical in breast feeding mothers
  • fever, painful breast
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

ductal carcinoma

A

abnormal proliferation of the ductal cells
- large nuclei
- basement membrane is NOT BREACHED (in-situ)
- INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA - basement membrane IS BREACHED

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

first line of treatment for mastitis

A

Flucloxacillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

mastitis

A
  • inflammation of the breast tissue due to infection
  • causes breast swelling, pain, tenderness and warm
  • fever and chills

can lead to pus build up in the breast - causing lactational breast abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cyclical Masatalgia

A
  • breast tenderness which fluctuates with the period cycle
  • lumpiness is caused due to fibrocystic changes in the cycle
  • more common in premenopausal women
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

phyllodes tumour

A
  • breast cancer
  • smooth, hard, mobile breast mass
  • grows rapidly
  • in women from 40-50
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

intraductal papilloma

A

benign papillary tumour
- bloody nipple discharge
- no palpable mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Radial scar

A
  • sclerosing breast lesion
  • central scarring
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

fat necrosis

A
  • inflammatory reaction to adipose tissue damage
  • painless breast lump
  • skin thickening
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

mammary duct ectasia

A
  • peri-areolar breast caused by inflammation
  • breast ducts get dilated
  • thick, white nipple discharge
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a breast cyst?

A
  • an overgrowth of glandular connective tissue
  • blocks the breast ducts
  • lobules fill with fluid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Risks for breast cancer

A
  • increased hormone exposure
  • late menopause
  • early menarche
  • HRT
  • BRCA gene mutations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Lobular Carcinoma

A
  • abnormal growth in the lobules
  • more likely to be bilateral
    IN-SITU: BASEMENT MEMBRANE IS NOT BREACHED
    INVASIVE: basement membrane IS BREACHED
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Medullary Carcinoma

A
  • BRCA1 mutation
  • more popular in younger patients
18
Q

Surgical Management of Breast Cancer

A
  • Breast saving mastectomy
    or full mastectomy
19
Q

Tamoxifen Drug Action

A

AN OESTROGEN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST
- inhibits the transcription of oestrogen
- used to manage ER POSITIVE TUMOURS

20
Q

Trastuzumb Drug Action

A

MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY AGONIST
- used to manage HER2 POSITIVE TUMOURS

21
Q

Side Effects of Tamoxifen

A

causes cardiac toxicity
weight gain
risk of DVT
nausea

22
Q

What is the Triple Assessment for suspected breast cancer?

A
  1. Clinical Exam
  2. Radio exam/ mammography
  3. Biopsy
23
Q

When is Chemo therapy given?

A
  • for a HER2 NEGATIVE PATIENT
24
Q

Biological Management of Breast Cancer?

A

Herceptin - for HER2 POSITIVE TUMOUR

25
Q

Hormonal Treatment for Breast Cancer

A

given for ER POSITIVE TUMOURS
give: Aromatase inhibitor
OR Tamoxifen

26
Q

what is ANASTROZOLE

A

Aromatase inhibitor

27
Q

how long is the referral time for suspected cancer patients

A

urgent 2 week referral

28
Q

where does breast cancer spread first

A

axillary and cervical lymph nodes

29
Q

when is anastrozole given?

A

POST MENOPAUSAL

30
Q

when is tamoxifen given

A

PERI MENOPAUSAL

31
Q

biggest risk factor for breast cancer?

32
Q

What screening method is used in women <40

A

Ultrasound

33
Q

What screening method is used for women >40

34
Q

Why is ultrasound used on women under 40

A

Their breast cells are less thick so not visible well on mammogram so ultrasound is used

35
Q

Bleeding from nipple
Swelling
Inverted nipple

What it is

A

Periductal mastitis

36
Q

What is a common risk of mastectomy

A

Lymphoedema
Disruption to the lymphatic system

37
Q

Phyllo does tumour most common characteristic

A

Grows rapidly in size

38
Q

what happens to the cells in pagets disease of the nipple

A

the ductal carcinoma cells migrate onto the skin over the nipple
- this can cause the eczema around the nipple
- bloody discharge

39
Q

risk of tamoxifen?

A

increases the risk of endometrial cancer

  • given to PREMENOPAUSAL WITH OESTROGEN POSITIVE BREAST CANCER
40
Q

what is sentinel lymph node biopsy

A

radioactive substance is injected where the tumour is, and it travels to where the tumour drains into
- the path of the tumour can be seen as it lights up

AMK (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions