Bonesies Flashcards
7 important functions of the skeletal system
- Support
- Protection
- Levers for Movement
- Mineral Growth and growth factor storage
- Blood cell formation
- Triglyceride storage
- Hormone production
Osteocalcnin
secreted by bones helps to regulate insulin secretion, glucose levels, and metabolism
What do you store in your bones?
fat, calcium, and phosphate
Hematopoiesis
blood making occurs in red marrow cavities of certain bones ; makes both red and white
Axial Skeleton
- Long axis of body
- spine, ribs, vertebral columm, thoracic cage
Appendicular Skeleton
Bones of upper and lower limbs
Girdles attaching limbs to axial skeleton
Long bones
Longer than they are wide ; limb bones
Short bones
Cube shaped bones (in wrist and and ankel
Flat Bones
Thin, flat, slightly curved (they have two parallel sides)
- sternum, ribs, scapula, most of skull
Irregular Bones
- does not fit into any other categories
- hip bones and vertebrae
Sesmoid
Floating bones
- knee caps
Sutural Bones
- formed due to additional ossification
- hidden bones 123.
Epiphysis
Ends of long bone
Diaphysis
shaft of long bone
Compact Bone
bone without air pockets ; hard
Spongy/ Tribuculated Bone
lighter and less dense than compact bone. Spongy bone consists of plates (trabeculae)
Periosteum
a dense layer of vascular connective tissue enveloping the bones except at the surfaces of the joints.
Interoseus
in the bone
Osteon
Osteons are cylindrical vascular tunnels formed by an osteoclast-rich tissue.
Central (Haversian) canal
runs through core of osteon
Lacunae
small cavities that contain osteocytes
Perforating (Volkmann’s) canals
- canals lined with endosteum that occur at right angles to central canal
- Connect blood vessels and nerves of periosteum, medullary cavity, and central canal
Canaliculi
hairlike canals that connect lacunae to each other and to central canal
Interstitial Lamellae
Some fill gaps between forming osteons; others are remnants of osteons cut by bone remodeling
Circumferential Lamellae
Help long bone to resist twisting
Osteoblasts
make bones