Bone development and joints Flashcards
what happens at 6 weeks into fetus development.
endochondral osstification
what is endochondral osstification, and the process behind it
when cartilage is turned to bone. cartalige develops external blood vessels and osteoblasts, they become internalised, the primary osstification center is developed
how does the bone grow in width
appisitional growth, osteoblast add circumfrnetal lamellae and osteoclast removes bone from medullary cavity
where does the primary osstification center develop and when in diffrent bone
the diaphysis,
at 10 weeks, future hip bones and lower limbs
at 16 weeks, limbs formed and flat bones of cranium
how is the epiphyphyse seperated from the diaphysis
epiphysial growth plate made from cartilage
what are the function of joints
control of movement movement
holds bones together
what two soft tissues are joints made from
cartilage and DFCT
what is catilage made from and 2 properties
cartilage is made from chondrocytes and sits in proteoglycan. as it is avascular it doesnt have blood vessels
name the make up of the two types of cartilage
hyline: low concntration of cologen and high water content. resistant to compression.
fibrocartalige: higher concentration of cologen in budels which align with stress. resits tention and compression
where would you find hyline cartilage and fibrocartilage
hyline: between joints acting as a smooth frictionless surface for smooth articulation
fibrocartilage: found in joints which undergo compression and tention
area
what properties does fibrocartilage have
it is good at shock absorbtion due to increasing articulation in joints which increases surface area
DFCT makeup and properties
cologen fibers, elastain fibers, low vascularity slow healing.
what is bone congruence
bone congruence is the amount of bone touching other bone, less congruance reqires more soft tissue.
ligiment properties
bone to bone connection
made from cologen and elastine
retricts movement away from itself
tendon properties
bone to muscle connection
enables bones to move when muscles contract
gives control of movement
made of low elastin and high collgen
