Body Regions, Trunk Regions, Cavities, Anatonical Division, Clinical Division, Directional Terms Flashcards
Anatomical position
Standing erect, arms at side, palms face forward, toes and feet point forward, eyes straight ahead, legs parallel
Sagittal
Longitudinal, median, straight line parallel to longitude splits body into right and left sides ( R and L parasagittal )
Coronal
Frontal, splits body into anterior and posterior sections (front and back)
Transverse
Cross-section, horizontal, splits body perpendicular to longitude into superior or cephalic and inferior or caudal ( top and bottom)
Appendicular region
made up of appendages (limbs)
Axial region
(Attached to spine) made of head, neck, thorax and abdomen (head to pelvis)
Cephalic region
Head
Cervical region
Neck
Thoracic region
Chest
Dorsal region
Back
Abdominal region
Stomach
Pelvic region
Pelvis
Brachial region
Arm
Crural region
Leg
Anterior trunk
Thoracic, abdominal, pelvic, pubic( genitals)
Posterior trunk
Dorsum (back), vertebral (spine), gluteal ( buttocks)
Dorsal cavities
Cranial and spinal cavities
Ventrical cavities
Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
Thoracic cavity
Mediastinum and lungs/ pleura
Mediastinum
All thoracic except pleura (lungs)
Heart, great vessels, esophagus, trachea, thymus glands
Serous membranes
Visceral and parietal: pleura, pericardium, peritoneum
Visceral membrane
Membrane around organ(s)
Parietal membrane
Membrane around cavity wall
Abdominopelvic cavity
- Separated from thoracic by diaphragm
- Contains digestive, excretory, and reproductive organs
- peritoneum (visceral and parietal)
- retroperitoneal= behind peritoneum
Retroperitoneum
Kidneys, adrenal glands, lymph nodes, pancreas
Hypochondriac
L and R region of abdominal region right under ribs
Epigastric
Upper middle area of abdomen
Lumbar region
Left and Right abdominal region in waist area (lumbar spine section)
Umbilical region
Navel, center region of abdomen around waist height
Iliac region
Left and right abdominal region around hip height either side of hypogastric region
Hypogastric region
Below stomach (lower abdomen center between iliac regions
RUQ
Right upper quadrant Liver(majority) Right kidney Colon Pancreas(small portion) Gallbladder Small intestine
LUQ
Left upper quadrant Liver(small portion) Spleen Left kidney Stomach Colon Pancreas (majority) Small intestine
RLQ
Right lower quadrant Colon Small intestine Right ureter Appendix Right ovary (female) Right fallopian tube (female)
LLQ
Left lower quadrant Colon Small intestine Left ureter Left ovary (female) Left fallopian tube (female)
Superior
More towards head
Cephalic
More towards head
Inferior
More towards feet
Caudal
More towards feet
Anterior
Front of body
Ventral
Belly side of body
Poster
Back of body
Dorsal
Back side of body
Medial
More towards middle
Lateral
More toward side
Proximal
Nearer to point of attachment to body
Distal
Farther away from point of attachment to body
Apex
Tip or summit or organ
Base
Bottom or lower part of orgna
Superficial
Towards surface of body
Deep
Away from surface of body
Supine
Lying horizontally facing upward
