Block 32 H&S Flashcards
RF for UGIB?
- NSAIDs
- AC
- alcohol abuse
- chronic liver or kidney diease
- age
- prev PUD or H pylori infection
Role of the GP in prevention of an UGIB?
- Lifestyle advice on alcohol consumption
- management of liver and kidney disease
- patient education on NSAIDs - reducing use
effects of a stoma on body image?
- altered body image due to the alteration to physical appearance
- due to treatment, change or loss of bowel function as well as rstrictions to lifestyle and daily activities
changes in physical appearance can affect a patient’s?
- Change in physical appearance may affect patients’ self-esteem and make them feel less attractive, leading to feelings of insecurity, lack of confidence and loss of control.
- This in turn can be a threat to existing relationships and/or friendships.
when someone falls ill, they are more likely to become aware of?
- When someone falls ill he/she is more likely to become aware of the body and its loss of function.
- If illness also involves an alteration in body image, there is an increased likelihood that psychological disturbances will occur
people with stomas who are experiencing problems are more likely to withdraw from?
- People with stomas who are experiencing problems are more likely to withdraw from social interactions as they feel more vulnerable - withdrawing may be used to safeguard against potential negative interactions with others
stomas can cause fear of?
- fear of unexpected loss of faeces and consequent odour reslts in patients curtailing physical and sexual activities as a means of avoiding shame and embarassment
- fear of being found out
Gluten is found in?
- Gluten is found in wheat, barley, rye, and triticale
rationale for a gluten free diet?
- essential for managing celiac disease
- in celiac disease, gluten triggers the IS which causes damage to the lining of the small intestine -> overtime prevents absorption of nutrients from food
- wheat allergy
- gluten ataxia
foods to avoid for a gluten free diet?
- Wheat
- Barley
- Rye
- Triticale — a cross between wheat and rye
- Oats, in some cases
eating gluten free at home and in restaurants?
- storing gluten free and gluten containing foods in separate places
- using separate toasters to avoid cross contamination
- read menus ahead of time to make sure gluten free options are available
What sort of psychological difficulties does a change in physical appearance cause to a
patient?
- body image
- stress - from trying to conceal the changes and fear of being ‘found out’
- anxiety about relationships with others and negative evaluations about physical attractiveness
- avoidance of social situations to ‘conceal’ changes
body image =
a person’s thoughts, feelings and perception of the aesthetics or sexual attractiveness of their own body.
Acceptable elimination behaviour is acquired at an early age. How may a patient process a voluntary loss of excretory behaviour?
- may cause them to feel vastly different from their peers - feelings of rejection and socal isolation
- loss of control
- self stigma - may internalize a public stigma
sexual dysfunction in women following surgery which leads to the creation of a stoma?
- The most common sexual dysfunction reported by women with stomas is dyspareunia (painful intercourse)
- Pelvic surgery also results in the drying of the vagina’s natural lubrication
sexual dysfunction in men following stoma surgery?
- For male stoma patients, surgery may result in damage to the nerves that control ejaculation and erection, and cause altered sexual function.
- Sexual dysfunction may also take the form of retrograde ejaculation - bladder neck doesn’t close properly so semen enters the bladder instead of exiting via the urethra or dry orgasms
Which three related components according to Price (1990) are required to make up a
satisfactory body image?
- body reality
- body ideal
- body presentation
Price’s body image model?
- these 3 exist in a state of balance which together make up a satisfactory body image that humans strive to maintain
- Therefore it may be presumed that alterations to body reality, for example, as a result of surgery or disease, will lead to tension between body reality and body ideal.
price’s body image model - people may attempt to reduce this tension by?
altering the body presentation to compensate for deficiency in body reality
Sight mneumonic for managing potentially infectious diarrhoea?
S Suspect that a case may be infective where there is no clear alternative cause for diarrhoea.
sIght mnemonic
I Isolate the patient and consult the infection team (IPT) while determining the cause of the
diarrhoea.
siGht?
G Gloves and aprons must be used for all contacts with the patient and the environment.
sigHt?
H Hand washing with soap and water should be carried out before and after each contact with
sighT?
T Test the stool for toxin (Clostridium difficile) or viral studies for Norovirus, by sending a specimen immediately.