bleeding in early pregnancy Flashcards
what is the most common cause of bleeding in early pregnancy?
spontaneous miscarriage
pain -ve, bleeding not profuse, cervix closed. uterus = gestational age
threatened miscarriage
family history in threatened miscarriage?
positive
inevitable miscarriage is similar to ?
incomplete miscarriage.
what is different about inevitable and incomplete?
inevitable hass a positive family history
cervix in threatened miscarriage?
closed
cervix in an incomplete miscarriage? what may be seen?
open, products of conception may be seen.
lower abdominal pain, HEAVY bleeding (with clots and tissues), shock +ve, tenderness +ve, POC may be present in cervix
y
what is septic miscarriage?
infection following a miscarriage
family history in incomplete miscarriage?
-ve
bleeding in complete miscarriage?
cessation of bleeding
what is the size of the funds like?
smaller than gestational age
complete miscarriage, small abdomen, cervix closed, no bleeding
fh -ve
why would you do haemoglobin?
anaemia
what other investigations would you do?
blood group and Rh typing, B hCH pregnancy test
why do you do b hcg?
if a hyatidiform mole is suspected
if sepsis is present while pregnant, what is done?
elective cesarian section and blood culture
treatment of a threatened miscarriage?
reassure, rest, avoid sex
when would you give aspirin, heparin or prednisolone for APLS?
after the first trimester
inevitable miscarriage management?
allow uterus to evacuate itself. PAIN RELIEF, OXYTOLIC, evacuation of uterus
for an incomplete miscarriage, what do you do for shock?
blood transfusion. remove POC. bimanual compression of the uterus
septic miscarriage treatment?
evacuate, resucitate, shock management
if had 3 miscarriages, probability of live birth in next pregnancy will be 40-50 percent.
investigations such as karyotyping, GTT, t4 or tsh can be done.
does ectopic pregnancy cause bleeding?
yes
