Biology Final- Classification and Taxonomy + Evolution

Question 1

What is denitrification?

Answer 1

When soil bacteria nitrates into nitrogen gas and releases the nitrogen into the atmosphere

Question 2

What are the 2 main steps of the carbon cycle?

Answer 2

Cellular respiration and photosynthesis

Question 3

What is nitrogen fixation + what organisms do it?

Answer 3

Nitrogen-fixation is when nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria are important in the nitrogen cycle because they change nitrogen gas into a usable form of nitrogen for plants (ammonia)

Question 4

What does a phylogenetic tree display?

Answer 4

A phylogenetic diagram/tree displays how closely related a subset of taxa are thought to be

Question 5

What are the 5 requirements for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Answer 5

Large population size, no migration, no net mutations, random mating, and no natural selection

Question 6

How do you know if a population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Answer 6

If the gene pool of a population is stable

Question 7

What are vestigial structures?

Answer 7

Organs/ structures that serve no useful function to an organism

Question 8

What are organs/ structures that serve no useful function to an organism?

Answer 8

Vestigial structures

Question 9

What are homologous structures?

Answer 9

Structures that have different mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissue

Question 10

What are structures that have different mature forms in different organisms but develop from the same embryonic tissue?

Answer 10

Homologous structures

Question 11

Define evolution

Answer 11

A change in a kind of organism over time; processes by which modern organisms are descended from ancient organisms

Question 12

What is the order of the phosphorus cycle?

Answer 12

Rock to soil to living organisms and then to the ocean