Biology and PSychology Flashcards
Where do signals start firing and where does the signal go to?
Starts at the dendrite, goes through to the axon.
What is neuron firing?
Potassium ions pass through channels into the neurons. Sodium ions are pumped out fast.
Is a resting neuron negatively charged or positively charged? why?
negatively, due to pumping sodium ions out.
If ion gates open, what happens to sodium ions and to the neuron?
Sodium ions rush in faster than the potassium ions which causes the neuron to be positively charged.
What is the synaptic gap?
Separates neurons, where neurotransmitters cross.
Where are spheres of neurotransmitters made?
axon terminals
What is the synaptic vesicle?
In a neuron, synaptic vesicles (or neurotransmitter vesicles) store various neurotransmitters that are released at the synapse
When neurotransmitters attach to the dendrite receptors, what occurs?
Opens the ion gates
What makes up the brain and spinal chord?
nuerons
What is myelin?
Made of glial cells which insulate neurons and speeds neurotransmissions.
How many different types of neurotransmitters are there?
100 different types.
What is acetylcholine?
activates muscles, affects learning and memory.
What are epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Arousal and alertness
What is serotonin?
Regulates mood and appetite.
What is dopamine?
Reward centers of the brain, frontal lobes.
