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BCM > bcm13 > Flashcards

bcm13 Flashcards

1
Q

purines

A

adenine

guanosine

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2
Q

pyrimidines

A

cytosine
thymidine
uracil

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3
Q

what are heterocyclic compounds?

A

compounds with one or more carbon atoms in ring

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4
Q

draw cytosine

A

-

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5
Q

draw thymine

A

-

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6
Q

draw uracil

A

-

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7
Q

what do purines have in common with histidine

A

imidazole ring

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8
Q

draw adenine

A

-

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9
Q

draw guanine

A

-

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10
Q

nuceloside

A

base and ribose

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11
Q

what are the 5 nucleosides

A 
adenosine
guanosine
cytidine
uridine
thymidine
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12
Q

nucleotides

A

base and ribose and phosphate

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13
Q

draw amp

A

-

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14
Q

what is dctp

draw

A

deoxycytidine triphosphate

- nucleotide with deoxy form of ribose`

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15
Q

name two coenzymes that contain adenine

A

fad nad

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16
Q

what is riboflavin?

A

vitamin b2

yellow compound used in practicles

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17
Q

what is coA’s stucture

A

beta mercaptomethylamine (containing s) - panothenic acid - adp

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18
Q

what can niacin definciency give you?

A

Pellegra- dermititis, diarrhoea, dementia

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19
Q

what is nicotinic acid, draw

A

pyridine ring with carboxyllic acid at position 3

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20
Q

what are the pkas of nicotinic acid

A

carboxylate 2.2

ring nitrogen 4.9

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21
Q

draw cyclic amp

A

-

22
Q

what is amp?

A

adenosine 3’ 5’- cyclic monophosphate

23
Q

what does increase in camp concentration in cell do?

A

active protein kinases

24
Q

what does cyclic gmp act as?

A

an intracellular signalling molecule
- specialised functions in different types of cells
important in vision

25
Q

draw cyclic gmp

A

-

26
Q

how is cgmp synthesized?

A

from gtp by guanyl cyclase

27
Q

what does viagra do?

A

blocks break down of cGMP by cGMP phosphodiesterase

28
Q

what direction is dna sequence always specified in?

A

5’ 3’ direction of ribose

29
Q

what links nucleosides?

A

phosphodiester bridges

30
Q

what does negative charge of dna back bone prevent?

A

nucleophillic attack

31
Q

what are the watson and crick base pairs?

A

adenine and thymine

guanine and cytosdie

32
Q

draw out watson and crick base pairs

A

-

33
Q

what can happen to CG base pairs in vertebrates?

A

they can be methylated

34
Q

what is methyltion of dna bases in bacteria used to do?

A

block the action of restriction enzymes

35
Q

what is special about methylation of dna?

A

it can be inherited when a cell divides and can play a role in marking which genes are active

36
Q

what must a bacteria cell producing restriction enzymes also produce?

A

a methyl transferase to protect its own dna

37
Q

draw 5-methyl cytosine

A

-

38
Q

draw n methyl adenine

A

-

39
Q

what do bacteriophage use methylated dna to do?

A

recognise own dna and stop virus dna replication

40
Q

what do vertebrates use methylated dna for?

A

expression not protection

41
Q

what does dnap require?

A

template strand
oglionucleotide primer
supply of deoxynucleotide triphosphate dNTPs

42
Q

what does the 3’ hydroxide act as?

A

a nucleophile

43
Q

what do chain terminators act as?

A

antiviral drugs
- drugs for herpes
no more bases can be added so virus cant replicate its dna

44
Q

why can hiv vaccine pass through membrane?

A

as the azido group is lipophillic

45
Q

what is udp glucose?

draw

A

precursor

uridine diphosphate glucose donates glucose for gycogen synthase

46
Q

what does ado met act as?

A

s-adenosylmethionine (SAM) acts as a methy donor

47
Q

what is the drug for herpes

A

acyclovir

contains guanine base

48
Q

what is the drug for hiv with an azido group

draw

A

azidothymidine (AZT)

contains thymidine with azido group on 3rd carbon

49
Q

what is the drug for hiv

A

zalcitabine
dideoxycytosine
cytosine attached to deoxy ribose

50
Q

what is an azido group?

A

-N=N^+=N^-

51
Q

what colour is fmn?

A

blue

flavo mononucleotide

52
Q

what structure does riboflavin contain?

A

isoalloxazine ring

BCM (27 decks)

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