Basic knowledge Flashcards
What is an ion?
A charged particle, e.g. single atoms like (Cl-) or groups of atoms (e.g. NO3-)
What is an atom?
The smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist. All substances are made up of ATOMS.
What is a mixture?
A material made up of two or more different substances which are mixed but are not combined chemically
What is a molecule?
A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds. Molecules are DISTINGUISHED FROM IONS by their LACK OF ELECTRICAL CHARGE.
What is a compound?
Mixture of elements that make lots of new substances, e.g. a compound.
What is oxidisation?
Loss of electrons
What is reduction?
Gain of electrons
What is an element?
A substance made up of atoms that all have the same number of protons in their nucleus.
What is an isotope?
Different forms of the same element which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Therefore have different atomic weights.
What is an ionic bond?
Transfer of electrons from a metal to a non-metal.
What is a covalent bond?
SHARE of electrons between non-metals.
What is a metallic bond?
It is the sharing of many detached electrons between many positive ions, where the electrons act as a “glue” giving the substance a definite structure.
Compounds formed when non-metals react with metals consist of particles called ……………
ions
Compounds formed from only non-metals consist of
particles called ……………..
molecules
