Bacteriology

Question 1

Mircoorganism

Answer 1

Organisms that is too small to be seen with the naked eye

Question 2

Define Bacteria

Answer 2

Living, single-celled organisms

Question 3

How to classify bacteria

Answer 3

According to… Cell shape
Cell grouping
Ability to retain specific stains
Growth conditions

Question 4

Define Strains

Answer 4

Population of organisms that is distinguishable from others and descends from a single organisms

Question 5

Define Serovars

Answer 5

Differ in antigenic properties

So whats on their surface

Question 6

Define Type Strain

Answer 6

ATCC strain

First or most fully characterized

Question 7

Cell shape

Answer 7

Cocci
Bacilli
Spirochetes
Pleomorphic (varied size and shape)

Question 8

Lipopolysaccharide is…

Answer 8

Potent activator of the immune system

Question 9

Gram stains

Answer 9

Crystal violet (primary)
Iodine
Alcohol
Safranin

Question 10

After primary stain, what color are gram + and gram - bugs?

Answer 10

All are violet

Question 11

What does the alcohol do?

Answer 11

Dissolves some of the peptidoglycan, so if it is gram negative it will stain the different color bc there is very little there

Question 12

Mycobacteria are

Answer 12

weakly gram positive

Question 13

Myoplasma

Answer 13

DO NOT stain

Question 14

Acid Fast Stain

Answer 14

Carbolfuchsin stains (Ziehl-Neelson or Kinyoun)
Fluorescent stain (Rhodamine-Auroamine or Auromine)

Question 15

Bacterial Growth

Answer 15

Binary Fission

Rapidly

Question 16

Generation time

Answer 16

Doubling time

Faster generation time = more bugs, better chance to survive and overcome host

Question 17

Mutation I

Answer 17

Caused by a mutagen: UV chemicals

During replication

Question 18

Mutation II

Answer 18

Drug resistance

Question 19

Biofilms

Answer 19

Bugs build up these films that are impenetrable to drugs so even if a drug penetrates somewhat the underneath will grow back resistant to whatever you gave them