B7 Digestion Flashcards
Name the body system shown on the diagram
Digestive system
Name five organs found in the digestive system
Oesophagus
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
What is the purpose of the digestive system?
Breakdown food into small soluble molecules
Absorb digested food into blood
Enzymes are biological catalyst.
What does this mean?
Biological - made in cells
Catalyst - Speed up chemical reactions
Name the theory used to explain how enzymes work
Lock and key theory
Name an enzyme that digests carbohydrates
Carbohydrase
or
Amylase
Name the carbohydrase that breaks down starch
Amylase
What is formed when starch is digested?
Simple sugar
or
Glucose
Name the enzyme that digests protein.
Protease
What is formed when proteins are digested?
Amino acids
Name the enzyme that digests lipid
Lipase
What is formed when lipids are digested?
Fatty acids
and
glycerol
Name the organ that makes bile.
Liver
Where is bile stored?
Gall bladder
What is the purpose of bile?
Neutralises hydrochloric acid released in the stomach.
Emulsifies lipid
(forms small droplets of fat to increase the surface area for digestion)
Where is amylase made?
Salivary glands and pancreas
Where is lipase made?
Pancreas
Wall of small intestine
Which letter identifies the large intestine
D
Where is protease made?
Stomach
Pancreas
Wall of small intestine
Which letter identifies the small intestine
E
Which letter identifies the oesophagus
B
Which letter shows where bile is stored?
F
In which parts of the digestive system is starch digested?
Mouth
Small intestine
In which parts of the digestive system are proteins digested?
Stomach and small intestine
In which part of the digestive system is lipid digested?
Small intestine
Describe the biochemical test for starch
Add iodine solution
Positive result - blue or black
Describe the biochemical test for glucose
Add Benedict’s solution
Heat
Positive result - green, yellow, orange, brick red
Describe the biochemical test for protein
Add Biuret solution
Positive result - lilac, purple or violet
Describe the biochemical test for lipid
Add ethanol and mix gently
Pour into cold water
Positive result - white emulsion
What happens to an enzyme when it is heated?
Denatures
Changes shape and can no longer work
What happens to an enzyme when it is placed in the wrong pH?
Denatures
Changes shape and can no longer work
What is the function of the small intestine?
Digests food
Absorbs the digested food into the bloodstream
What is the function of the large intestine?
Absorbs water from undigested food, producing faeces.
How does the shape of an enzyme affects its function?
Enzymes have a specific shape
The active site is complementary to its substrate
What is metabolism?
All the reactions in an organism
How are the products of digestion used?
Respiration
Build larger molecules
Which letter identifies the liver?
A
Which letter identifies the pancreas?
C
Which letter identifies the stomach?
B
The enzymes active site and substrate are complementary in shape.
What does this mean?
Substrate fits into the active site
