B5 - Running repairs

Question 1

What is the liquid part of the blood called?

Answer 1

The liquid part of the blood is called the plasma.

Question 2

Are there more red or white blood cells in the plasma?

Answer 2

There are lots more red blood cells in the plasma.

Question 3

What are platelets?

Answer 3

Platelets are small fragments of cells.

Question 4

What is an irregular heart beat?

Answer 4

An irregular heart beat is when the heart does not beat properly.

Question 5

What is a hole in the heart caused by?

Answer 5

A hole in the heart is caused by a hole in the heart wall between it’s left and right sides.

Question 6

What is coronary heart disease caused by?

Answer 6

This is caused by a blockage in the coronary artery.

Question 7

What happens if there is a hole in the heart?

Answer 7

Deoxygenated and oxygenated blood mix and blood leaving the heart carries less oxygen.

Question 8

What happens if the coronary artery is blocked?

Answer 8

The heart is not supplied with oxygen and can cause a heart attack.

Question 9

What do heart assist devices do?

Answer 9

Heart assist devices reduce the work done by the heart muscles by helping to pump the blood.

Question 10

Where does the oxygenated blood come from in an unborn baby’s blood circulation?

Answer 10

The oxygenated blood comes from the placenta from the mother.

Question 11

Why are an unborn baby’s lungs not involved in their circulatory system?

Answer 11

The lungs are not developed enough to work on their own and do not have direct access to the air.

Question 12

Why is a replacement valve or pacemaker seen as a better option to a heart transplant?

Answer 12

They are less invasive and aren’t as difficult to perform. There is also less chance of rejection.

Question 13

Why do people receiving a heart transplant take immune-suppressive drugs?

Answer 13

To avoid the transplant being recognized as ‘foreign’ and rejected.

Question 14

What do anti-coagulant drugs do?

Answer 14

These drugs stop blood from clotting.

Question 15

What are the the four blood groups?

Answer 15

A, AB, B, O. They can either be Rhesus positive or Rhesus negative.

Question 16

Why are there different amounts of each type of blood group in storage?

Answer 16

There are different amounts because some blood groups are lesson common than others.

Question 17

What is checked before you donate blood?

Answer 17

How much hemoglobin a person has in their blood.

Question 18

What is hemoglobin?

Answer 18

Chemical found in red blood cells which carries oxygen.

Question 19

What is anaemia?

Answer 19

A condition in which there is a deficiency of red cells or of haemoglobin in the blood.

Question 20

Why must there be no air bubbles in blood during a blood transfusion?

Answer 20

It may cause a blockage.

Question 21

Why does blood clot?

Answer 21

Blood clots to seal wounds and prevent the entry of pathogens and reduce blood loss.

Question 22

What vitamin is most important for blood clotting?

Answer 22

Vitamin K.

Question 23

What health issues can clotting cause?

Answer 23

Heart attacks if there is a clot in the coronary artery or a stroke if there is a clot in the blood vessels in the brain.

Question 24

What is haemophilia?

Answer 24

Haemophilia is a condition where blood does not clot.

Question 25

What is agglutination?

Answer 25

Agglutination is the process of blood clumping when blood is mixed from two different people.

Question 26

What are the three anti-coagulant drugs called?

Answer 26

• aspirin
• warfarin
• heparin

Question 27

What are antigens?

Answer 27

These are substances that cause an immune response by the body and the production of antibodies.

Question 28

What is a universal donor?

Answer 28

A universal donor is something that can be donated to everybody, e.g blood group O.

Question 29

What is a universal recipient?

Answer 29

A universal recipient is someone who can receive everything, e.g blood group AB can receive any other blood group.