B3 - Proteins and mutations Flashcards
What are the different types of protein and what are their uses?
- collagen to make artery walls stronger
- insulin to control blood sugar levels
- hemoglobin to carry oxygen around the body
What is a mutation?
Where DNA in cells have been altered.
What is a mutation caused by?
- radiation
- chemicals such as tar in cigarettes
- spontaneously
What are the issues of mutations?
A new protein may be created which may be dangerous and cause death.
Why don’t cells in your eyes make insulin?
Cells can switch their genes on or off, so the eyes wouldn’t produce insulin.
What is curds?
The solid part of sour milk that makes cheese.
What is the active site of an enzyme?
The active site is the region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind and undergo a chemical reaction.
What do enzymes do to a chemical reaction?
They speed up a chemical reaction.
What is a biological catalyst?
A biological catalyst speeds up a biological reaction.
What are enzymes controlled by?
- pH
- temperature
What is denaturing of an enzyme?
When the shape of an enzyme is changed due to an increase in temperature.
What is the formula for Q10?
Rate of higher temperature/rate of lower temperature.
