B2.6.1 Aerobic respiration Flashcards
What control many chemical reactions inside cells?
Enzymes.
What is respiration?
Respiration is the process of releasing energy from the breakdown of glucose, which goes on in every cell.
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration using oxygen.
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide + water + energy
Inside where do most of the reactions in aerobic respiration take place?
Mitochondria
Rather than in animal cells, where else does aerobic respiration take place?
Plant cells.
What is energy released by aerobic respiration used for?
- To build larger molecules from smaller ones
- In animals, to enable muscles to contract
- In mammals and birds, to maintain a steady body temperature in colder surroundings.
- In plants, to build sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids, which are then built into proteins.
In plants, what is energy released by aerobic respiration used for?
Building sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids, which are then built up into proteins.
In mammals and birds (warm-blooded species), what is energy released by aerobic respriation used for?
Maintaining a steady body temperature in colder surroundings.
What does energy released by aerobic respiration enable muscle to do?
Contract
What does energy released by aerobic respiratio allow smaller molecules to do?
Build larger molecules. (eg: proteins from amino acids)
What changes take place during exercise?
- Heart rate increases.
2. Rate and depth of breathing increases.
How does changes that take place during exercises affect the rate of removal of carbon dioxide?
These changes increase blood flow to the muscles –> increase supply of sugar and oxygen –> increase the rate of removal of carbon dioxide.
What do muscles store glucose as?
Glycogen.
How is glycogen used during exercise?
It can be converted back to glucose for use.
