Aerobic + anaerobic respiration SPEC Flashcards
What is anaerobic respiration?
Incomplete breakdown of glucose to produce lactic acid
Used by muscles to obtain energy, when insufficient oxygen is supplied to muscles
Why is much less energy released during anaerobic respiration?
Glucose is not completely broken down
Why does the “oxygen debt” need to be repaid?
Oxidise lactic acid into CO2 + water
When does muscles become fatigue?
after long periods of vigorous activity
Example of muscle fatigue
stop contracting efficiently
One cause of muscle fatigue?
buid up of lactic acid in muscles
how is lactic acid removed?
Blood flowing through the muscles
equation for aerobic respiration
glucose + oxygen –> CO2 + water (+energy)
characteristics of aerobic respirations
continuous, both animals + plants
chemical reactions controlled by enzymes
in mitochondria
define aerobic respiration
respiration that uses oxygen
uses glucose (a sugar) + oxygen to release energy
uses of energy released by aerobic respiration
build bigger molecules from smaller ones
animals, enable muscles to contract
mammals + birds, maintain constant body temp, colder surroundings
plants, build up sugars, nitrates + other minerals –> amino acids –> proteins
Changes taking place during exercise + reasons
Heart rate increases
–> more blood flow to muscles –> more oxygen + sugar
Rate + depth of breathing increases
–> greater uptake of oxygen + greater rate of removal of CO2 at lungs
What does muscles store glucose as? Whats the role of this?
Glycogen
Converted back into glucose for use during exercise
