B18 - Organisms and their environment

Question 1

What is the trophic level of a producer?

Answer 1

1

Question 2

What is the trophic level of a primary consumer?

Answer 2

2

Question 3

What is the trophic level of a secondary consumer?

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What is the trophic level of a tertiary consumer?

Answer 4

4

Question 5

What is the trophic level of a quaternary consumer?

Answer 5

5

Question 6

describe population

Answer 6

A group of organisms of 1 species, living in the same area at the same time

Question 7

describe consumers

Answer 7

An organism that gets its energy by feeding on other organisms

Question 8

describe trophic level

Answer 8

The position of an organism in a food chain and food web

Question 9

describe decomposers

Answer 9

Organisms that break down organic substances outside their bodies, releasing nutrients from them that other organisms can use / an organism that gets its energy from dead or waste organic material

Question 10

describe Herbivore

Answer 10

an animal that gets its energy by eating plants

Question 11

describe carnivore

Answer 11

An animal that gets its energy by eating other animals

Question 12

describe community

Answer 12

all of the populations of all the different species in an ecosystem

Question 13

describe habitat

Answer 13

the place where an organism lives

Question 14

describe producers

Answer 14

An organism that makes its own organic nutrients, generally using energy from sunlight, through photosynthesis

Question 15

How does energy from grass reach the eagle? (Food chain: grass –> grasshoppers –> frog –> eagle)

Answer 15

the grass makes energy from photosynthesis, then the grasshopper eats the grass, gaining energy, the frog eats the grasshopper, gaining energy, the eagle eats the frog, gaining energy that was originally from the grass.

Question 16

describe quaternary consumers

Answer 16

feeds on tertiary consumers

Question 17

describe secondary consumers

Answer 17

feeds on primary consumers

Question 18

explain why hawks are secondary consumers and tertiary consumers

Answer 18

Because hawks eat primary consumers such as beetles which makes them a secondary consumer but also eats secondary consumers such as frogs which makes them a tertiary consumer

Question 19

what are feeding levels?

Answer 19

trophic levels

Question 20

If all mice died, how would it affect the food web?

Answer 20

number of acorns would increase because there are less organisms that eat it but the number of owls would decrease because they lost a source of food

Question 21

describe predators

Answer 21

organisms that hunt, catch, and kill their prey for food

Question 22

describe top predator

Answer 22

organism that on the top of the food chain/web (they are not eaten by any other organism)

Question 23

what energy is given out from the sun?

Answer 23

light energy

Question 24

as we go more up the food chain, the organisms tend to get ______ and the number of organisms _________

Answer 24

bigger and decreases

Question 25

How is energy from the sun transferred?

Answer 25

by light

Question 26

carbon dioxide and water react to produce what?

Answer 26

glucose

Question 27

what does glucose do?

Answer 27

stores energy in its chemical bonds

Question 28

as an organism grows, does it increase or decrease in biomass?

Answer 28

increase

Question 29

what is biomass?

Answer 29

mass of organisms

Question 30

When organisms respire, what do they produce?

Answer 30

ATP

Question 31

What are the 2 big ways humans impact food chains negatively?

Answer 31

-Over harvesting food species -Introducing foreign species to habitats

Question 32

What are the 3 outcomes of over harvesting food species?

Answer 32

-Decrease in biodiversity -Risk of extinction of a species -Disrupts natural food chains of habitat

Question 33

What are the 3 outcomes of introducing foreign species to habitats?

Answer 33

-disrupts natural food chains -Loss of habitat as foreign species takes over -No natural predators to control population of species

Question 34

What do the arrows mean in a food chain/web?

Answer 34

Transfer/flow of energy by feeding

Question 35

What is the law of conservation of energy?

Answer 35

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from 1 form to another

Question 36

What does a food chain show?

Answer 36

transfer of energy from 1 organism to another

Question 37

where does the energy in a food chain originally come from?

Answer 37

the sun

Question 38

In what form does energy enter the food chain?

Answer 38

light energy

Question 39

what process converts light energy into chemical energy?

Answer 39

photosynthesis

Question 40

in what form is energy passed along the food chain?

Answer 40

Chemical energy

Question 41

In what form is energy released from the food chain?

Answer 41

heat energy and kinetic energy

Question 42

what are 3 ways energy is lost from the food chain?

Answer 42

-heat from respiration (lost to the atmosphere) -Uneaten parts/undigested parts (bones, teeth, roots) -Egestion and excretion

Question 43

Why are there usually no more than 5 trophic levels in a food chain?

Answer 43

Since energy is lost at each trophic level, theres not enough energy left to support organisms at a high level (theres no more energy to pass on)

Question 44

describe food web

Answer 44

network of interconnected food chains

Question 45

why is it more efficient for humans to be vegetarians?

Answer 45

since vegetables are lower down in the food chain, less energy has been lost so we get more energy when eating vegetables than meat. then less land is needed to produce energy for people.

Question 46

describe decomposition/decay

Answer 46

breakdown of organic matter

Question 47

describe organic matter

Answer 47

dead organisms or waste material from living things (urine)

Question 48

what type of organisms are decomposers?

Answer 48

fungi and bacteria

Question 49

what do decomposers do?

Answer 49

break down organic matter and feed on it causing decay. they also get their energy from dead organisms and their waste

Question 50

how do decomposers benefit the ecosystem?

Answer 50

surplus is released back to the soil to be taken up by plants

Question 51

How do decomposers respiring benefit other organisms?

Answer 51

they release carbon dioxide for plants to photosynthesis

Question 52

what are the 7 processes involved in moving carbon?

Answer 52

-burning -burial and sedimentation -death -decomposition/decay -feeding -photosynthesis -respiration

Question 53

describe burial and sedimentation

Answer 53

formation of fossils

Question 54

describe burning

Answer 54

release of energy from fossil fuels

Question 55

describe respiration

Answer 55

the release of energy in living cells which produces carbon dioxide

Question 56

describe feeding

Answer 56

consumers taking in food

Question 57

what is the word equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 57

carbon dioxide + water --> (gives/makes) glucose + oxygen

Question 58

what is the word equation for respiration?

Answer 58

glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

Question 59

what is the word equation for combustion?

Answer 59

hydrocarbon fuel (petro, coal, fuel) + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water

Question 60

does decay/decomposition release of use carbon dioxide?

Answer 60

release

Question 61

how does decay/decomposition release carbon dioxide?

Answer 61

when decomposers break down waste, they respire and release carbon dioxide

Question 62

does photosynthesis release of use carbon dioxide?

Answer 62

use

Question 63

does respiration release or use carbon dioxide?

Answer 63

release

Question 64

does combustion release of use carbon dioxide?

Answer 64

release

Question 65

what is the impact of burning fossil fuels on the carbon cycle?

Answer 65

releases carbon dioxide

Question 66

describe food chain

Answer 66

showing the transfer of energy from one organism to the next, beginning with a producer