B15.1 & B15.2 - Asexual & sexual reproduction Flashcards
asexual reproduction definition [2]
process resulting in the production of genetically identical offspring from one parent
sexual reproduction definition [2]
process involving the fusion of the nuclei of two gametes to form a zygote and
the production of offspring that are genetically different from each other
species definition [1]
group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring
nuclei of gametes are? [1]
haploid
nuclei of a zygote is? [1]
diploid
3 advantages of sexual reproduction [3]
-produces genetic variation
-less chance of species becoming extinct
-enables adaptation to changed environment
-evolution of new species can occur
-can be dispersed
3 disadvantages of sexual reproduction [3]
-slower
-2 parents needed
-requires more energy (many eggs / pollen are wasted)
-offspring may not be as well adapted to environment
3 advantages of asexual reproduction [3]
-1 parent needed
-quicker
-colonise new areas quickly
-if parent is well adapted, offspring will also be
-less energy required
-no gametes needed
3 disadvantages of asexual reproduction [3]
-produced genetically identical offspring (clones)
-limited ability to adapt to environmental changes
-species may become extinct
-no dispersal = more competition
-less chance of evolving
how many cell divisions does meiosis have? [1]
2
how many cell divisions does mitosis have? [1]
1
what is the first cell called after a sperm and egg fuse together? [1]
zygote
what cell division does a zygote use to grow into an embryo and then into a foetus? [1]
mitosis
male gametes are called ____ and produced in the _____ [2]
-sperm
-testes / sac
female gametes are called _____ ____ and produced in the ____ [2]
-egg cells
-ovaries
