Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > B 7.1 - diet > Flashcards

B 7.1 - diet Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is diet?

A

the food that we eat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a balanced diet?

A

diet that contains all the nutrients we need, in the correct amounts in order to carry out all the life processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

why do we eat?

A

-ENERGY –> molecules that can be oxidised in respiration, releasing energy
-GROWTH & REPAIR –> molecules that provide the raw materials for new cells and other molecules
-HEALTH –> substances that allow raw materials and energy to be used efficiently (processes to let the body work efficiency like minerals and vitamins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Why do balanced diets look different for different people?

A

age
lifestyle (job)
sex (gender)
pregnant?
exercise amount

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what happens if we don’t get a balanced diet? (too little food)

A

Undernutrition. It leads to malnutritions. Marasmus (less energy and carbohydrates). Kwashiorkor (less protein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what happens if we don’t get a balanced diet? (too much food)

A

Overnutrition. It leads to obesity. diet contains more energy than required and the excess is stored as glycogen (or fat) but glycogen has a limited amount, so the excess is stored as fat, which has an unlimited amount. Unhealthy amount of fat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are 2 food sources for vitamin C?

A

citrus fruits and vegetables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are 3 food sources for vitamin D?

A

eggs
oily fish
beef liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are 5 food sources for calcium (mineral)?

A

milk
cheese
almonds
tofu
sardines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are 4 food sources for iron (mineral)?

A

red meat
beans
spinach
peas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are 3 food sources for fibre?

A

wholemeal bread
fruit
vegetables

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are 5 food sources for water?

A

water
tea
coffee
juice
milk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what are 5 food sources for carbohydrates?

A

sugar
honey
bread
potato
bananas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are 5 food sources for protein?

A

fish
beans
eggs
nuts
lentils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are 5 food sources for lipids?

A

oil
butter
red meat
cheese
egg yolk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

why is vitamin c important to our body?

A

Growth and repair of tissues in all parts of your body and for the immune system

17
Q

why is vitamin d important to our body?

A

needed for calcium absorption which is needed for bone formation and strength

18
Q

why is calcium important to our body?

A

strong and making new bones and teeth

19
Q

why is iron important to our body?

A

making haemoglobin carried by red blood cells

20
Q

why is fibre important to our body?

A

aids the movement of food through the gut

21
Q

why is water important to our body?

A

dissolves solutes:
-transport of dissolved substances (amino acids)
-excretion of toxic waste products (urea in urine)
-digestion (enzymes need it)
-absorption of digested products into blood
-all metabolic reactions (chemical reactions in living organisms)

22
Q

why are carbohydrates important to the body?

A

easily available energy realeased during respiration, excess stored as glycogen in liver and muscles, and if not used, then converted to fat

23
Q

why are proteins important to the body?

A

growth, tissue repair, making enzymes, emergency energy

24
Q

why are lipids (fats) important to the body?

A

insulation, cell membrane structure, organ protection, sex hormone production, long term energy storage, obesity in excess

25
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in carbohydrates?

A

lack of energy
fatigue
weakness
more prone to illness

26
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in proteins?

A

Kwashiorkor (swollen abdomen, muscle wastage (limbs), stunted growth)

27
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in lipids (fats)?

A

weight loss
anorexia
fat soluble vitamin A & D deficiency
cold

28
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in vitamin C?

A

scurvy (painful joints, poor wound healing, bleeding gums)

29
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in vitamin D?

A

rickets (bone deformation, bone pain, brittle bones) and dental problems

30
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in calcium?

A

rickets (bones don’t form properly) and dental problems

31
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in iron?

A

Anaemia (tiredness and shortness of breath cause no respiration)

32
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in fibre?

A

causes constipation (if too little fibre is eaten)

33
Q

what happens if theres a deficiency in water?

A

dehydration, and often death with a few days

Biology (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions