B Cell Activation Flashcards
What happens when B cells are low?
Would lack or lose long lasting memory antibody
What do some clones of T cells do?
Become memory cells that remain in the body and can react swiftly if the same pathogen invades again
Membrane receptor for B cells
BCR (immunoglobulin) for antigen
B cell connections
Can connect to antigens right on the surface of the invading virus or bacteria
T cell connections
Can only connect to virus antigens on the outside of infected cell
B cell tissue distribution
Germinal centers of LNs, spleen, gut, respiratory tract, sub-scapular and medullary cords of LNs
T cell tissue distribution
Parafollicular areas of cortex in nodes, periarteriolar in spleen
What is the lifespan on B cells?
Short
What is the function of B cells
Humoral/ antibody mediated immune system (AMI)
How is the blood made up of B and T cells
20% B lymphocytes
80% T lymphocytes
What do B cells form?
Plasma cells and memory cells
T/F: plasma cells do not move to the site of infection
TRUE
Lymphoma in cats
Cancer of lymphocytes
Systemic disease
Increased chance if cat has feline leukemia and feline immunodeficiency virus
What are the common sites of lymphoma in cats?
Intestinal
Mediastinal
Renal
Intestinal Lymphoma
Most common in cats (50-70%)
9-13 years old
Mesenteric LN enlarged and GI tract infected
Mediastinal Lymphoma
Lymphoid organs in the chest infected
Seen in young cats (5 years old)
Strongly associated with Feline Leukemia Virus (80% of affected cats test positive
Renal lymphoma
Lymphoma in the kidney leading to kidney failure
Associated with feline leukemia (50%)
What are the signs of cats with lymphoma?
Enlargement of LNs, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, fatigue, difficulty breathing, increased thirst/ urination
Redness, flakiness, ulcerations, itching or lumps in skin
How do you diagnose lymphoma in cats?
Blood tests and biopsy of a lump/ enlarged LN
How do you treat lymphoma in cats and dogs ?
Chemotherapy (hair loss doesn’t occur)
Canine Lymphoma
Most common hematopoietic tumor affecting dogs
Diagnosed through PE and fine-needle aspirate cytology of enlarged LN
How are most lymphoma’s in dogs classified?
Multicentric, large B cell tumors
Heterogenous disease
Lymphoid Leukosis
Neoplastic disease of poultry caused by avian leukosis virus
B cell lymphoma that occurs @ 16 weeks of age and older
How do you treat lymphoid leukosis
You can’t!
Eradication of virus from breeding flocks most effective