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461-Foundations > ATI - Chapter 25 > Flashcards

ATI - Chapter 25 Flashcards

1
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in skin ____, subcutaneous fat, and _____, which leads to wrinkles and dry, transparent skin.

A

turgor

connective tissue

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2
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in subcutaneous fat which makes it more difficult for older adults to adjust to ______.

A

cold temperatures

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3
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a ______ and graying of hair, as well as a more sparse distribution

A

thinning

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4
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a thickening of _______.

A

fingernails and toenails

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5
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in chest wall movement, vital capacity, and cilia, which increases the risk for ______.

A

respiratory infections

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6
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in _____ output.

A

cardiac

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7
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in ______ circulation.

A

peripherial

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8
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is an increase in _______.

A

blood pressure

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9
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in _____ time.

A

reaction

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10
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in the sensations: _______, _______, and _______.

A

touch
smell
taste

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11
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in the production of _____.

A

saliva

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12
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in ________ acuity.

A

visual

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13
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in the ability for eyes to adjust from light to dark, leading to _______, which is especially dangerous when driving.

A

night blindness

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14
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in ability to hear ______ sounds, known as presbycusis.

A

high pitched sounds

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15
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is _______ spatial awareness.

A

reduced

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16
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in _____ enzymes

A

digestive

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17
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in intestinal motility, which can lead to an increased risk of _____

A

constipation

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18
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is an increase in dental _____.

A

problems

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19
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in _______ due to intervertebral disk changes.

A

height

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20
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in muscle strength and ____.

A

tone

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21
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a _______ of bones.

A

decalcification

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22
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a degeneration of _____.

A

joints

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23
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in bladder _____.

A

capacity

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24
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is prostate ______ in men.

A

hypertrophy

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25
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decrease in estrogen or ______ production.

A

testosterone

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26
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a ______ of breast tissue in women.

A

atrophy

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27
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decline in trilodothyronine (__) production, yet overall function remains effective.

A

T3

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28
Q

In older adults (65 and older) there is a decreased _____ of tissue cells to insulin.

A

sensitivity

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29
Q

Many older adults maintain their cognitive functions. There is some decline in speed of the ______ versus cognitive ability.

A

cognitive function

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30
Q

A number of factors influence older adults’ abilities to function, such as overall health, the number of stressors, and _____ mental well being.

A

lifelong

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31
Q

Slowed neurotransmission, vascular circulation impairment, disease states, _____, and structural brain changes can result in the following cognitive disorders.

A

poor nutrition

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32
Q

_______ is acute, temporary, and can have a physiologic sources, such as infection, sleep, deprivation, or pain, or related to a change in surroundings, such as being in an unfamiliar or new environment. In older adults ____ is often the first manifestation of infection ( such as UTI).

A

Delirium

Delirium

33
Q

______ is the chronic, progressive, and possibly with an unknown cause (Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia).

A

dementia

34
Q

______ is chronic, acute, or gradual onset (present for at least 6 weeks). Often due to loss of a loved one, feelings of isolation, or chronic disease.

A

depression

35
Q

Older adults need to adjust to lifestyle changes related to ______ (decrease in income, living situation, loss of work role).

A

retirement

36
Q

Older adults need to adapt to ______ in living environment

A

changes

37
Q

Older adults need to deal with multiple _____ (death of spouse, friends, siblings).

A

loses

38
Q

Older adults need to face ____.

A

death

39
Q

Older adults need face difficulties in the area of self-concept by seeing onseself as an _____.

A

aging person

40
Q

Older adults need face difficulties in the area of self-concept by finding ways to maintain a good _____.

A

quality of life

41
Q

Older adults need face difficulties in the area of self-concept by becoming more dependent on others for _____.

A

activities of daily living (ADLs)

42
Q

Older adults face an adjustment to decreases in physical strength and endurance which is often difficult, especially for older adults who are cognitively active and engaged. Many older adults feel ______ taht their bodies are limiting what they desire to do.

A

frustrated

43
Q

Older adults find ways to remain _____ active and to overcome isolation as well as maintain sexual health.

A

socially

44
Q

In older adults the cardiovascular health risks (2)

A

coronary artery disease

hypertension

45
Q

In older adults the factors affecting mobility (3)

A

arthritis
osteoporosis
falls

46
Q

In older adults the mental health disorders (5)

A 
depression
dementia
suicide
alcohol use disorder
tobacco use disorder
47
Q

In older adults other disorders they face

A 
stroke
diabetes mellitus
cancer
incontinence
abuse and neglect
cataracts
chronic pain
issues related to poor dental hygiene (gingivitis, missing teeth, gum disease)
48
Q

Annual screenings for older adults

A

hearing
fecal occult blood test
digital rectal and prostate specific antigen (men)
dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DXA for osteoporosis
Eye exams for glaucoma

49
Q

Periodic screenings for older adults

A

mental health screening for depression

cholesterol and diabetes screening every 3 years

50
Q

In addition to ______ alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults.

A

gastrointestinal

51
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as difficulty getting to and from the _____ to shop for good.

A

supermarket

52
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as _____ income.

A

low

53
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as _____ mobility.

A

impaired

54
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as depression or ____.

A

dementia

55
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as ______ isolation (preparing meals for one person, eating alone)

A

social

56
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as _____ that alter taste or appetite

A

medications

57
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as prescribed diets that are ____.

A

unappealing

58
Q

In addition to gastrointestinal alterations, other factors influence nutrition in older adults such as ______ that can cause the person to limit fluid intake.

A

incontinence

59
Q

In older adults nutritional recommendation include an increase in _____ intake to minimize the risk of dehydration and prevent constipation.

A

fluid

60
Q

In older adults nutritional recommendation include an increase in the intake of vitamins D, B12, E, folate, _____, and _____.

A

fiber and calcium

61
Q

In older adults nutritional recommendation include taking a low does multivitamin along with ______.

A

mineral supplementation

62
Q

In older adults nutritional recommendation include limiting sodium, fat, ______, and alcohol intake.

A

refined sugar

63
Q

In older adults nutritional recommendation include limiting sodium, fat, ______, and alcohol intake.

A

refined sugar

64
Q

To improve self-concept and alleviate social isolation older adults may need the following interventions.

A 
therapeutic communication
touch
reality orientation
validation
therapy
reminiscence therapy
attending to physical appearance
assistive devies
65
Q

To prevent injury older adults should have bath rails, grab bars, and ______ on stairways installed.

A

handrails

66
Q

To prevent injury older adults should remove _____ rugs.

A

throw

67
Q

To prevent injury older adults should eliminate clutter from _______ and hallways.

A

walkways

68
Q

To prevent injury older adults should remove __________ from walkways and hallways.

A

extension and phone cords

69
Q

To prevent injury older adults should instruct clients about how to ______ use ambulation-assistive devices.

A

properly

70
Q

To prevent injury older adults should teach clients about safe _____ use.

A

safe medication

71
Q

To prevent injury older adults should ensure ______ lighting.

A

adequate

72
Q

To prevent injury older adults should remind clients to wear _______ and hearing aids.

A

eyeglasses

73
Q

To prevent injury older adults should prevent substance _____.

A

use disorders

74
Q

To prevent injury older adults should avoid driving a vehicle during or after drinking alcohol or taking substances that ______ sensory or motor function.

A

impair

75
Q

To prevent injury older adults should remember to wear a ____ when operating a vehicle.

A

seatbelt

76
Q

To prevent injury older adults should wear a _____ while bike riding, skiing, and other recreational activities that increase the risk of head injury.

A

helmet

77
Q

To prevent injury older adults should secure _____ in a safe location.

A

firearms

78
Q

To prevent injury older adults should install smoke and carbon monoxide detectors in _____.

A

the home

461-Foundations (45 decks)

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