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SONOCAN OB Review > Assessment Of The Thrid Trimester > Flashcards

Assessment Of The Thrid Trimester Flashcards

1
Q

The most common maternal factor associated with intrauterine growth restriction is:
a. obesity
b. hypertension
c. diabetes mellitus
d. oligohydramnios

A

B. Hypertension

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2
Q

Polyhydramnios demonstrates an amniotic volume index greater than:
a. 5 cm
b. 10 cm
c. 15 cm
d. 24 cm

A

D. 24 cm

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3
Q

The distal femoral epiphysis is consistently visualized by:
a. 20 weeks
b. 28 weeks
c. 32 weeks
d. 35 weeks

A

C. 32 weeks

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4
Q

Oligohydramnios in the third trimester is most likely a result of:
a. duodenal atresia
b. diaphragmatic hernia
c. infantile polycystic renal disease
d. cystic adenomatoid malformation

A

C. Infantile Polycystic renal disease

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5
Q

The most common maternal cause of macrosomia is: a. anemia
b. proteinuria
c. hypertension
d. diabetes mellitus

A

D. Diabetes mellitus

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6
Q

Which portion of the biophysical profile study is a chronic marker of fetal hypoxia?
a. fetal tone
b. fetal movement
c. amniotic fluid volume
d. maturity of the placenta

A

C. Amniotic fluid volume

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7
Q

When measuring amniotic fluid volume, the transducer must remain:
a. parallel to both the maternal sagittal and coronal planes
b. perpendicular to both the maternal sagittal and coronal planes
c. parallel with the maternal coronal plane and perpendicular to the sagittal plane
d. perpendicular to the maternal coronal plane and parallel to the maternal sagittal plane

A

D. Perpendicular to the maternal coronal plan and parallel to the maternal sagittal plane

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8
Q

A pregnancy is postterm when the:
a. fetus weighs more than 3000 g
b. pregnancy is longer than 40 weeks
c. fetus weighs more than 4000 g
d. pregnancy is longer than 42 weeks

A

D. Pregnancy is longer than 42 weeks

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9
Q

Symmetrical intrauterine growth restriction is more commonly a result of:
a. first trimester insult
b. maternal hypertension
c. placental insufficiency
d. second trimester insult

A

A. 1st trimester insult

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10
Q

Doppler of the umbilical artery evaluates fetal well-being using the:
a. resistive index
b. pulsatility index
c. peak systolic velocity
d. systolic – diastolic ratio

A

D. Systolic diastolic ratio

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11
Q

Macrosomia is defined as a newborn weight exceeding:
a. 1000 g
b. 2500 g
c. 4000 g
d. 5500 g

A

C. 4000 g

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12
Q

In a biophysical profile, which of the following will document fetal tone?
a. movement of the fetal diaphragm
b. three separate fetal movements in 30 seconds
c. two fetal heart accelerations within 20 minutes
d. complete episode of flexion to extension and back to flexion

A

D. Complete episode of flexion to extension and back to flexion

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13
Q

Documentation of fetal position demonstrates a frank breech presentation. This means the fetal head is located in the superior portion of the uterus and the:
a. buttocks are down with one foot presenting
b. fetal feet are presenting with both legs extended
c. buttocks are presenting with the feet near the head d. buttocks are presenting with the knees bent and feet down

A

C. Buttocks are presenting with the feet near the head

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14
Q

Maternal hypertension is defined as a systolic pressure above:
a. 100 mm Hg
b. 140 mm Hg
c. 175 mm Hg
d. 180 mm Hg

A

B. 140 mm Hg

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15
Q

Oligohydramnios is defined as an amniotic fluid index below:
a. 2 cm
b. 5 cm
c. 10 cm
d. 18 cm

A

B. 5 cm

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16
Q

This third trimester image is most suspicious for:
a. macrosomia
b. polyhydramnios
c. oligohydramnios
d. gastrointestinal distress

A

B. Polyhydraminos

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17
Q

Determine the fetal lie in this sonogram of the transverse gravid uterus:
a. breech
b. cephalic
c. transverse head to maternal right
d. position cannot be determined by a single image

A

A. Breech

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18
Q

What does this third trimester sonogram demonstrate?
a. oligohydramnios
b. trophoblastic disease
c. diaphragmatic hernia
d. cystic adenomatoid malformation

A

A. Oligohydraminos

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19
Q
A

A. Anterior placenta

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20
Q

The fluid volume in this image is suspicious for:
a. polyhydramnios
b. oligohydramnios
c. neural tube defects
d. chromosomal anomalies

A

A. Polyhydraminos

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21
Q

Which of the following is the most likely cause for this diagnosis?
a. fetal hydrops
b. duodenal atresia
c. multicystic renal dysplasia
d. premature rupture of membrane

A

D. Premature rupture of membrane

22
Q

Which of the following is not an indication for a third trimester ultrasound?
a. fetal growth
b. fetal gender
c. fetal viability
d. fetal presentation

A

B. Fetal gender

23
Q

Comparison of the abdominal circumference to the head circumference during the early third trimester demonstrates a(n):
a. equal head circumference compared with abdominal circumference
b. abdominal circumference twice as large as the head circumference
c. head circumference slightly larger than the abdominal circumference
d. abdominal circumference slightly larger than the head circumference

A

C. Head circumference slightly larger than the abdominal circumference

24
Q

Asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction is usually a result of:
a. preeclampsia
b. gestational diabetes
c. multifetal gestations
d. placental insufficiency

A

D. Placental insufficiency

25
Q

Estimated fetal weight is most commonly calculated using which of the following biometric parameters? a. femur length and abdominal circumference
b. abdominal circumference, femur length, and biparietal diameter
c. head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length
d. biparietal diameter, head circumference, and abdominal circumference

A

B. AC, FL, and BPD

26
Q

Intrauterine growth restriction most severely affects which fetal body organ?
a. heart
b. liver
c. brain
d. kidney

A

B. Liver

27
Q

Assessing the total amount of amniotic fluid within the gestational sac using the sum of four equal quadrants is termed:
a. pocket index
b. total uterine volume
c. amniotic fluid index
d. amniotic fluid volume

A

C. AFI

28
Q

The single most sensitive indicator of intrauterine growth restriction is:
a. femur length
b. head circumference
c. abdominal circumference
d. head circumference-to-abdominal circumference ratio

A

C. Abdominal circumference

29
Q

Which of the following conditions increases fetal risk of injury during vaginal delivery?
a. macrosomia
b. cephalic presentation
c. lateral placental placement
d. intrauterine growth restriction

A

A. Macrosomia

30
Q

Which technique is both valid and reproducible when assessing amniotic fluid volume?
a. uterine volume
b. amniotic fluid index
c. single vertical pocket
d. subjective assessment

A

B. AFI

31
Q

Which of the following produces and removes amniotic fluid?
a. kidneys
b. placenta
c. umbilical cord
d. gastrointestinal tract

A

C. Umbilical cord

32
Q

A biophysical profile examination of a 35-week fetus demonstrates a complete extension and flexion of lower extremities, four separate fetal movements, amniotic fluid volume of 10 cm, and a normal stress test. Fetal diaphragm or breathing motion is not identified. On the basis of these sonographic findings, the biophysical profile score would be:
a. 2
b. 5
c. 8
d. 10

A

C. 8

33
Q

The primary source of amniotic fluid removal is through the:
a. liver
b. kidneys
c. bladder
d. gastrointestinal tract

A

D. gastrointestinal tract

34
Q

Which of the following correctly describes the expected sonographic findings with asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction?
a. decrease in head circumference and femur length b. decrease in abdominal circumference and femur length
c. normal head circumference and decrease in abdominal circumference
d. normal abdominal circumference and decrease in head circumference

A

C. Normal head circumference and decrease in abdominal circumference

35
Q

Intrauterine growth restriction is defined as a fetal weight:
a. below the 5th percentile for gestational age
b. below the 10th percentile for gestational age
c. at or below the 5th percentile for gestational age
d. at or below the 10th percentile for gestational age

A

D. At or below the 10th percentile for gestational age

36
Q

The best diagnostic accuracy of intrauterine growth restriction is offered when evaluating the:
a. amniotic fluid volume, head circumference, and abdominal circumference
b. placental maturity, umbilical artery, and amniotic fluid volume
c. cephalic index, abdominal circumference, and placental maturity
d. amniotic fluid volume, estimated fetal weight, and maternal blood pressure

A

D. Amniotic fluid volume, estimated feta weight, and maternal blood pressure

37
Q

A transverse fetal position in the late third trimester of pregnancy is most likely associated with:
a. macrosomia
b. placenta previa
c. polyhydramnios
d. intrauterine growth restriction

A

B. Placenta previa

38
Q

Which of the following fetal positions is at most risk for cord prolapse?
a. oblique
b. transverse
c. frank breech
d. incomplete breech

A

D. Incomplete breech

39
Q

The biophysical profile is a sonographic method of evaluating fetal:
a. weight
b. movement
c. well-being
d. swallowing

A

C. Well-being

40
Q

Which of the following should be assessed in a fetus presenting with a genitourinary abnormality?
a. fetal heart
b. fetal growth
c. fetal presentation
d. amniotic fluid volume

A

D. AFI

41
Q

Which of the following maternal conditions is most likely to result in a growth-restricted fetus?
a. obesity
b. diabetes
c. drug abuse
d. hypotension

A

C. Drug abuse

42
Q

Interval fetal growth can be determined with sonographic examinations performed a minimum of how many weeks apart?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 7

A

A. 1

43
Q

Which of the following is not a function of the amniotic fluid?
a. protects fetus from injury
b. allows free fetal movement
c. stores protein, calcium, and iron
d. maintains intrauterine temperature

A

C. Stores protein, calcium, and iron

44
Q

Which of the following is a sonographic finding in cases of asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction?
a. polyhydramnios
b. short femur length
c. normal biparietal diameter
d. normal abdominal circumference

A

C. Normal BPD

45
Q

The primary source of amniotic fluid production is through the
a. lungs
b. kidneys
c. umbilical cord
d. amniotic membrane

A

B. Kidneys

46
Q

The single most useful biometric parameter to assess fetal growth is the:
a. femur length
b. biparietal diameter
c. head circumference
d. abdominal circumference

A

D. AC

47
Q

The following term indicates that the fetal head is located in the uterine fundus:
a. vertex
b. breech
c. oblique
d. cephalic

A

B. Breech

48
Q

A fetus presenting in the breech position during the third trimester may demonstrate a cranial shape that is termed:
a. lemon sign
b. dolichocephalic
c. brachycephalic
d. strawberry sign

A

B. Dolichocephalic

49
Q

If a fetus is lying perpendicular to the maternal sagittal plane, the fetal presentation is:
a. vertex
b. breech
c. oblique
d. transverse

A

D. Transverse

50
Q

Visualization of the proximal tibial epiphysis first occurs around:
a. 24 weeks’ gestation
b. 28 weeks’ gestation
c. 32 weeks’ gestation
d. 35 weeks’ gestation

A

D. 35 weeks gestation

SONOCAN OB Review (11 decks)

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