Adnexal Pathology And Infertility Notes Flashcards
What is an endometrioma?
A collection of extravasated endometrial tissue. (Ectopic endometrial tissue)
What is endometriosis?
A condition occurring when functional endometrial tissue invades the peritoneal cavity.
What is human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)?
A substitute for luteinizing hormone used in fertility assistance to trigger ovulation.
What is hydrosalpinx?
Dilatation of the fallopian tube with fluid.
What is Meckel diverticulum?
An anomalous sac protruding from the ileum; caused by an incomplete closure of the yolk stalk.
What is pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)?
A general classification for inflammatory conditions of the cervix, uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and peritoneal surfaces.
What is salpingitis?
Inflammation within the fallopian tube.
What is synechia?
Scarring caused by previous dilation and curettage or spontaneous abortion; demonstrated as hyperechoic band of echoes within the endometrial cavity.
What are the clinical findings of endometriosis? 6 (s/s)
- Asymptomatic
- Dysmenorrhea
- Pelvic pain
- Irregular menses
- Dyspareunia
- Infertility.
What are the sonographic findings of endometriosis? 3
- Difficult to visualize with sonography
- Obscure organ boundaries
- Fixation of the ovaries posterior to the uterus.
What is an endometrioma? Where is it typically located?
A focal collection of functional ectopic endometrial tissue, typically located in the broad ligament.
What are the characteristics of an endometrioma? (S/S and sonographic appearances) 9
- Asymptomatic
- Pelvic pain
- Metromenorrhagia
- Dysmenorrhea
- Dyspareunia
- Palpable pelvic mass
- Infertility
- Hypoechoic
- Homogeneous adnexal mass with thick well-defined wall margins.
What is a chocolate cyst?
Another term for an endometrioma.
What are Krukenberg tumors?
Metastatic lesions from primary lesions such as gastric carcinoma.
What are the clinical findings of pelvic inflammatory disease? 4 (s/s)
- Abdominal pain
- Fever
- Vaginal discharge
- Urinary frequency.
