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SONOCAN OB Review > Assessment Of The Second Trimester Review > Flashcards

Assessment Of The Second Trimester Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which portion of the fetal heart is located closest to the spine?
a. left atrium
b. right atrium
c. left ventricle
d. right ventricle

A

A. Left atrium

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2
Q

Abdominal circumference is measured at the level of the:
a. liver
b. spleen
c. kidneys
d. umbilical cord insertion

A

A. Liver

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3
Q

Cavum septum pellucidi is located in the:
a. anterior portion of the fetal brain
b. posterior portion of the fetal brain
c. anterior portion of the fetal chest
d. posterior portion of the fetal chest

A

A. Anterior portion of the fetal brain

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4
Q

In the late second trimester, anterior – posterior diameter of the normal renal pelvis should not exceed:
a. 1 mm
b. 4 mm
c. 7 mm
d. 10 mm

A

B. 4mm

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5
Q

The umbilical arteries arise from which of the following vessels?
a. spiral arteries
b. internal iliac arteries
c. external iliac arteries
d. common iliac arteries

A

B. Internal iliac arteries

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6
Q

Which of the following structures is not identified in the biparietal diameter?
a. thalami nuclei
b. fourth ventricle
c. cavum septum pellucidi
d. falx cerebri

A

B. Fourth ventricle

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7
Q

Visualization of the fetal gallbladder signifies:
a. normal liver function
b. a normal fetal karyotype
c. the presence of the pancreas
d. the presence of a biliary tree

A

D. The presence of the biliary tree

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8
Q

Which of the following best describes the intention of the cephalic index?
a. Gestational weight is determined by the cephalic index.
b. The cephalic index primarily determines gestational age.
c. Intrauterine growth restriction is determined by the cephalic index.
d. The cephalic index helps to determine the normality of the fetal head shape.

A

D. The Cephalic index helps to determine the normality of the fetal head shape

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9
Q

Which of the following measurements is most widely used when determining gestational age in the second trimester?
a. long bone length
b. biparietal diameter
c. cerebellar dimension
d. abdominal circumference

A

B. Biparietal diameter

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10
Q

Choroid plexus cysts should normally regress by:
a. 12 weeks
b. 16 weeks
c. 26 weeks
d. 28 weeks

A

C. 26 weeks

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11
Q

Which of the following planes demonstrate the normal fetal spine as three parallel hyperechoic lines on ultrasound?
a. axial
b. sagittal
c. coronal
d. transverse

A

C. Coronal

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12
Q

The normal length of the cervical os will vary, but it measures a minimum of:
a. 2.0 cm
b. 2.5 cm
c. 3.0 cm
d. 3.5 cm

A

B. 2.5 cm

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13
Q

Which of the following is not a fetal cardiac shunt?
a. ductus venosus
b. foramen ovale
c. ductus arteriosus
d. foramen Monro

A

D. Foramen if Munro

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14
Q

Which of the following patient positions is preferred for translabial imaging?
a. supine
b. decubitus
c. lithotomy
d. Trendelenburg

A

C. Litho to my

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15
Q

Which of the following shunts blood between the atria of the fetal heart?
a. foramen ovale
b. ductus arteriosis
c. foramen Monro
d. ductus venosus

A

A. Foramen ovale

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16
Q
A

D. CSP

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17
Q
A

B. Normal diaphragm

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18
Q
A

B. Gallbladder

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19
Q
A
  1. B. Cerebellum
  2. C. Cisterna magna
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20
Q
A

B. Normal Left kidney

21
Q
A

A. Urinary bladder

22
Q

The echogenic focus within the fetal stomach is considered:
a. a normal incidental finding
b. suspicious for Turner syndrome
c. a precursor to meconium peritonitis
d. a consistent finding in Patau syndrome

A

A. A normal incidental finding

23
Q

The sonogram displays which of the following cardiac structures?
a. aortic arch
b. foramen ovale
c. left ventricular outflow tract
d. right ventricular outflow tract

A

D. RVOT

24
Q
A

B. Cerebellum

25
Q
A

B. Within normal limits

26
Q

This image displays the location of the placenta as:
a. fundal
b. anterior
c. posterior
d. right lateral

A

B. Anterior

27
Q

The arrow identifies which of the following fetal structure?
a. stomach
b. renal cyst
c. gallbladder
d. renal pelvis

A

A. Stomach

28
Q
A

C. Coronal view of a normal sacrum

29
Q

In the transverse plane, the normal fetal spine appears on ultrasound as:
a. two ossification centers lateral to the spinal canal b. three parallel hyperechoic lines surrounding the neural canal
c. three parallel ossification centers surrounding the neural canal
d. three equidistant ossification centers surrounding the spinal canal

A

C. Three parallel ossification centres surrounding the neural canal

30
Q

Which landmark localizes the appropriate level for measuring the abdominal circumference?
a. stomach
b. gallbladder
c. cord insertion
d. junction of the left and right portal veins

A

D. Junction of the left and right portal veins

31
Q

Which of the following is a possible cause for elevated maternal alpha-fetoprotein?
a. maternal diabetes
b. abdominal wall defect
c. chromosomal abnormalities
d. overestimation of gestational age

A

B. Abdominal wall defect

32
Q

The biparietal diameter measurement is taken at the level of the:
a. falx cerebri
b. third ventricle
c. cisterna magna
d. corpus callosum

A

B. Third ventricle

33
Q

Left ventricular outflow tract denotes the:
a. ascending aorta
b. papillary muscle
c. descending aorta
d. pulmonary artery

A

A. Ascending aorta

34
Q

Which of the following provides important information about fetal renal function?
a. renal size
b. bladder volume
c. renal pelviectasis
d. amniotic fluid volume

A

D. Amniotic fluid volume

35
Q

Normal measurement of the atrium of the lateral ventricle atria should not exceed:
a. 6 mm
b. 8 mm
c. 10 mm
d. 12 mm

A

C. 10 mm

36
Q

If the maternal alpha-fetoprotein level is decreased, the sonographer should carefully evaluate for:
a. abdominal wall defects
b. chromosomal abnormalities
c. genitourinary abnormalities
d. cardiovascular abnormalities

A

B. Chromosomal abnormalities

37
Q

A small echogenic focus within the left ventricle of the fetal heart is most likely the:
a. mitral valve
b. foramen ovale
c. pulmonary vein
d. papillary muscle

A

D. Papillary muscle

38
Q

Insertion of the umbilical cord into the abdominal wall of the fetus is located at a level:
a. superior to the liver
b. superior to the bladder
c. superior to the adrenal glands
d. inferior to the hypogastric arteries

A

B. Superior to the bladder

39
Q

Which of the following determines cervical competence?
a. width
b. height
c. length
d. thickness

A

C. Length

40
Q

Ossification of the cranium begins around the:
a. eighth gestational week
b. ninth gestational week
c. eleventh gestational week
d. thirteenth gestational week

A

B. Ninth week

41
Q

Oxygenated blood enters the fetus through the:
a. placenta
b. umbilical vein
c. chorionic villi
d. umbilical arteries

A

B. Umbilical veins

42
Q

Nuchal thickness is measured in a plane to include the:
a. thalamic cerebri, falx cerebri, third ventricle
b. cerebellum, cisterna magna, cavum septum pellucidi
c. lateral ventricle atria, third ventricle, corpus callosum
d. thalamic cerebri, fourth ventricle, cavum septum pellucidi

A

B. Cerebellum, Cisterna magna, CSP

43
Q

Sonographic appearance of a normal small bowel during the second trimester is described as:
a. hyperechoic compared with bone
b. hyperechoic compared with the liver
c. hypoechoic compared with the spleen
d. hypoechoic compared with the large bowel

A

B. Hyperechoic compared to the liver

44
Q

Echogenic debris swirling within the amniotic cavity is:
a. consistent with fetal demise
b. a normal sonographic finding
c. consistent with polyhydramnios
d. suspicious for chromosomal anomalies

A

B. A normal sonographic finding

45
Q

The fetus becomes the major producer of amniotic fluid in the:
a. late first trimester
b. early second trimester
c. late second trimester
d. early third trimester

A

B. Early second trimester

46
Q

Visualization of which brain structure excludes most central nervous system anomalies?
a. falx cerebri
b. third ventricle
c. corpus callosum
d. cavum septum pellucidi

A

D. CSP

47
Q

The material collecting in the fetal intestines is termed:
a. sludge
b. vernix
c. vermis
d. meconium

A

D. Meconium

48
Q

Head circumference is measured at a level to include the:
a. third ventricle and cisterna magna
b. cavum septum pellucidi and tentorium
c. peduncles and cavum septum pellucidi
d. atrium of the lateral ventricle and cerebellum

A

B. CSP and the tentorium

49
Q

Which of the following measurements is a good predictor of fetal growth?
a. femur length
b. biparietal diameter
c. head circumference
d. abdominal circumference

A

D. Abdominal circumference

SONOCAN OB Review (11 decks)

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