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Arteriviruses Flashcards

1
Q

Arterivirus, the virulence is highly variable

A

T

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2
Q

The equine viral arteritis is caused by an arterivirus.

A

T

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3
Q

Serological tests can NOT be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis

A

F

  • Serology: VN (1:4), ELISA (gp5)
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4
Q

ed blood cells can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

F

Samples: nasal fluid, WBC, semen, caul

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5
Q

Nasal fluid can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

T

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6
Q

A semen sample can be used for laboratory detection of equine viral arteritis virus

A

T

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7
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damages

A

F
Low resistance in environment

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8
Q

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

A

T

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9
Q

In cases of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

A

T

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10
Q

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis are macrophage

A

T

Replication: Macrophages, endothelialcells, vascular smooth muscle cells

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11
Q

Equine Viral arteritis (EVA) virus can affect donkeys

A

T

horses, ponies, donkeys and zebras (South american Camelids)

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12
Q

The persistence of EVA virus within one herd is usually caused by the stallions

A

T

persistent infection in mature animals

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13
Q

EVA is transmitted by sexual and aerogenic pathways

A

T

sexual transmission: 1 week

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14
Q

After EVA virus infection, mortality rate is low

A

T

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15
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damage

A

F

Low resistance in environment

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16
Q

Equine viral arteritis is usually asymptomatic

A

T

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17
Q

The main target cells of equine viral arteritis virus are macrophages

A

T

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18
Q

EVA can affect donkeys

A

T

horses, ponies, donkeys and zebras

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19
Q

EVA can cause persistent virus carrying.

A

T

persistent infection in mature animals

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20
Q

After EVA infection mortality rate is low

A

T

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21
Q

Equine Viral Arteritis virus can infect by inhalation

A

T

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22
Q

Vaccine against Equine Viral Arteritis is never used in Europe

A

F
Inactivated (in EU) 2X

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23
Q

The Equine Viral Arteritis is caused by retrovirus

A

F

Arteriviridae Family

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24
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus cannot damage the wall of blood vessel

A

F

Damage of blood vessel walls (inflammation in the endothel and media)

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25
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus usually causes asymptomatic infection

A

T

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26
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus can cause persistent infections

A

T

persistent infection in mature animals

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27
Q

The equine viral arteritis virus always causes clinical symptoms

A

F

  • usually asymptomatic
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28
Q

EVA is spread by insect vectors

A

F

venereal, nasal (per os)

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29
Q

Equine viral arteritis causes reproductive problems/impotence in stallions.

A

T

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30
Q

Acute equine viral arteritis is similar to Equine infectious anaemia

A

T

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31
Q

Equine viral arteritis in mare is reactivated in pregnancy

A

F

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32
Q

Equine viral arteritis, aborted embryos have degenerated liver

A

F

  • Fibrinoid degeneration
  • inflammation and thrombus formation in small blood vessels
  • Interlobular interstitial pneumonia
  • Fibrinoid-necrotic enteritis
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33
Q

Mares are frequently life-long carriers of the Equine arteritis virus.

A

F

Stallions: long term carriers (10-70%)

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34
Q

Subcutaneous oedema is a frequent sign of equine viral arteritis

A

T

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35
Q

Pregnant mares usually abort in the acute phase of equine viral arteritis

A

T

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36
Q

Equine viral arteritis is diagnosed by agarose-gel immunodiffusion (Coggins test)

A

F

  • Clinical signs, pathology
  • Samples: nasal fluid, WBC, semen, caul
  • Isolation (CPE), IF, IHC, RT-PCR (semen)
  • Serology: VN (1:4), ELISA (gp5)
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37
Q

The Equine arteritis virus may cause abortion in pregnant mares

A

T

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38
Q

Vaccination of colts before puberty can prevent the development of EAV-carrier status

A

T

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39
Q

Stallions may be long-term carriers of the Equine arteritis virus

A

T

Stallions: long term carriers (10-70%), semen (for years),

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40
Q

Conjunctivitis and subcutaneous oedema are possible signs of equine viral arteritis.

A

T

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41
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through nasal route

A

T

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42
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect per os

A

T

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43
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect through venereal way.

A

T

venereal, nasal (per os)

44
Q

Equine viral arteritis virus can infect only by arthropods

A

F

venereal, nasal (per os)

45
Q

Equine arteritis virus is a uniform virus without serotypes, subtypes etc

A

F

1 serotype

46
Q

Aerogenic infection can happen in the case of equine arteritis virus

47
Q

Equine arteritis virus is shed in the semen

48
Q

Equine arteritis virus can cause abortion

49
Q

Equine arteritis virus is very resistant to physical damage

A

F

Low resistance in environment

50
Q

In case of equine viral arteritis, the rate of seroconverted animals increases with age

51
Q

Lameness due to inflammatory joints is the most typical sign of Equine infectious arteritis

52
Q

Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease; therefore vaccinations are forbidden

A

F

  • Inactivated (in EU) 2X
  • Attenuated =MLV (in USA, Canada)
  • Eradication
53
Q

The persistence of equine viral arteritis virus within one herd is usually caused by the
stallions

54
Q

Equine viral arteritis is transmitted by a sexual and aerogenic pathways

55
Q

After equine viral arteritis virus infection, mortality rate is low

56
Q

Equine infectious arteritis is a notifiable disease

57
Q

The main target of Equine viral arteritis virus is macrophages.

58
Q

Equine infectious arteritis is stenoxen viruses

59
Q

Equine viral arteritis can be controlled in part by removing long-term carriers

60
Q

Equine viral arteritis can affect donkeys

A

T

  • horses, ponies, donkeys and zebras
61
Q

PRRS is caused by an arterivirus.

62
Q

PRRS is caused by a coronavirus

A

F

  • arterivirus.
63
Q

The clinical signs of PRRS can be abortion like that of SMED

A

T

  • Respiratory in young
  • Abortion, return to estrus in sows
64
Q

Isolation of PRRS in cell culture can be easily performed in any laboratory

65
Q

PRRS has only highly pathogenic variants

66
Q

Respiratory signs of PRRS occur just in sows

67
Q

PRRS virus replicates in macrophages

68
Q

PRRS virus replicates in T-lymphocytes

69
Q

The pathological signs of PRRS is typical because the lymph nodes are never enlarged

A

F

Periocular edema, interstitial pneumonia, enlarged lymph nodes

70
Q

PRRS virus affects the respiratory system in young piglets

71
Q

PRRS cause digestive sign in adult

72
Q

PRRS has 2 phases

73
Q

PRRS cause respiratory sign in adult

74
Q

Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells

75
Q

PRRS can only be isolated in porcine kidney cells.

76
Q

PRRS causes immune suppression in prolonged cases

77
Q

Attenuated and inactivated vaccines are available against PRRS

78
Q

PRRS virus causes severe intestinal problems in adult pigs

A

F

Periocular edema, interstitial pneumonia, enlarged lymph nodes

79
Q

PRRS is characterized by respiratory disease in adult pigs

80
Q

PRRS infection has 2 clinical phases

81
Q

PRRSV attacks the active macrophages

82
Q

For PRRS prevention we can get a very good immunization with inactivated vaccines

83
Q

PRRS: reproductive and respiratory problems and others with other virulence

84
Q

Maternal immunity protects only short time against PRRS

85
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) can cause abortion only in the advanced
stage of pregnancy (over 90 days).

86
Q

Only inactivated vaccines can be used for the prevention against PRRSV

A

F

  • vaccination
  • eradication
87
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) propagates in lymphatic cells

88
Q

PRRSV infection may influence the reproductive performance of boars

89
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) is a zoonotic agent

90
Q

Porcine parvoviruses and PRRSV may cause similar disease in sows

91
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory vines (PRRSV) does not cause clinical signs in boars.

92
Q

Inactivated vaccines alone cannot induce protective immunity against PRRSV

93
Q

Boars can transmit porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in the semen

94
Q

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus cannot cause abortion, only infertility
of the sows

95
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome.

96
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by dog coronavirus

97
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by FIP

98
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by chicken coronavirus.

99
Q

The blue ear disease is caused by PRRS

100
Q

Does PRRS virus have 3 genotypes.

A

F
- 2 Genotypes

101
Q

Oedema can be a sign of PRRS.

102
Q

PRRS is deadly in adult animals

103
Q

Target cells of PRRSV are alveolar epithelial cells.

A

F

  • macrophage
104
Q

PRRS virus can only be isolated in porcine kidney cell culture

105
Q

The Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is only present in NorthAmerica

106
Q

The PRRS virus may cause reproductive problems in boars

107
Q

PRRS: cyanosis is one clinical symptom

A

F
- Simian Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

EPI PQ (81 decks)

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