Antiseptics and Disinfectants

Question 1

Disinfection

Answer 1

The destruction of pathogenic microorganisms

Question 2

What are infections acquired during a period of hospitalization?

Answer 2

Nosocomial infections

Question 3

Why are Pseudomonas infections difficult to get rid of?

Answer 3

Highly resistant to disinfection & antiseptics due to their ability to produce and immerse in a biofilm

Question 4

Antiseptics

Answer 4

Chemical agents that kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms on living tissues

Question 5

Disinfectants

Answer 5

Chemical agents that kill or prevent the growth of microorganisms on inanimate objects

Question 6

Antiseptics or Disinfectants are used on living tissues?

Answer 6

Antiseptics

Question 7

Antiseptics or Disinfectants are used on inanimate objects

Answer 7

Disinfectants

Question 8

What bacteria are usually very susceptible to disinfectants or antiseptics & therefore could be killed by low-level disinfectants?

Answer 8

Vegetative bacteria

Enveloped viruses

Question 9

What bacteria are usually very susceptible to disinfectants or antiseptics & therefore could be killed by low-level disinfectants?

Answer 9

Vegetative bacteria

Enveloped viruses

Question 10

What are vegetative bacteria?

Answer 10

Actively growing bacteria, not in a spore state

Question 11

What are enveloped viruses?

Answer 11

Viruses surrounded by a thin, phospholipid/protein envelope used to enter a host cell

Question 12

What are examples of enveloped viruses?

Answer 12

Canine distemper virus (paramyxovirus)
Feline herpesvirus 
Rabies
Influenza virus
Poxvirus

Question 13

What are all difficult to kill and would require high-level disinfectants

Answer 13

Nonenveloped viruses
Bacteria or fungi in their spore form
Protozoal oocysts

Question 14

What are non-enveloped viruses

Answer 14

Naked virus core without a lipid envelope

Question 15

What are examples of non-enveloped viruses?

Answer 15

Canine Parvovirus
Feline panleukopenia virus
Feline calicivirus
Papillomavirus

Question 16

What does the difference between sanitizers and sterilizers refer to?

Answer 16

The degree of microbial destruction achieved

Question 17

What are chemical agents and Reduce the # of microorganisms to a “safe” level without eliminating all microorganisms

Answer 17

Sanitizers

Question 18

What do most disinfectants and antiseptics tend to be?

Answer 18

Sanitizers

Question 19

What reduces the number of microorganisms to a “safe” level without eliminating all microorganisms and is only attained on inanimate objects?

Answer 19

Sterilizers

Question 20

What are many household cleaning products advertised as and is any chemical agent that kills microorganisms?

Answer 20

Germicides

Question 21

What kills bacteria?

Answer 21

Bactericidal

Question 22

What chemicals kill viruses?

Answer 22

Virucidal

Question 23

What chemicals kill fungi?

Answer 23

Fungicidal

Question 24

What chemicals kill protozoa?

Answer 24

Protozoacidal

Question 25

What chemicals kill microbial spores?

Answer 25

Sporicidal

Question 26

Disinfectants need to be what rather than what?

Answer 26

Microbicidal rather than microbiostatic

Question 27

What is capable of killing the pathogen when it is in its resistant or dormant state?

Answer 27

Sporicidals

Question 28

What are many disinfectants and antiseptics inactivated by?

Answer 28

Organic material

Question 29

What must be used before the application of the disinfectant?

Answer 29

Cleansers

Question 30

What are cleansers?

Answer 30

Detergents or surfactants

Question 31

What are cleansers, soaps, and detergents classified as?

Answer 31

Anionic Cationic Nonionic

Question 32

What are anionic cleansers, work well to liquify or solubilize dirt, fat, and microorganism membranes so they can be washed away?

Answer 32

Common soaps

Question 33

Why must a cleansed site be rinsed thoroughly?

Answer 33

Otherwise, the organic material will remain at the site and potentially interfere with the disinfectant that is applied after cleaning

Question 34

Why are cationic soaps and detergents less recommended for use?

Answer 34

Because they combine readily with proteins, fats, and phosphates and will be easily inactivated by the presence of serum, blood, and tissue debris

Question 35

What is an example of a cationic cleanser and is used more like a disinfectant than a cleanser and must be applied to a surface that has been thoroughly cleaned?

Answer 35

Quaternary ammonium

Question 36

After a thorough cleansing and rinsing, environmental surfaces should be allowed to what?

Answer 36

Dry thoroughly

Question 37

When should the disinfectant be applied?

Answer 37

After cleaning and rinsing

Question 38

The ideal disinfecting agent should be what?

Answer 38

Broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity Nonirritating and nontoxic to animal and human tissue Easily applied to inanimate objects and without causing corrosion or stains Stable and not easily inactivated Inexpensive