antiepileptic drugs

Question 1

SE of Na+ channel blocking AEDs

Answer 1

diplopia, nystagmus, ataxia, vertigo, sleepiness, cognitive slowing

Question 2

phenytoin class

Answer 2

Na+ channel blocking AED

Question 3

carbamazepine class

Answer 3

Na+ channel blocking AED

Question 4

valproic acid class

Answer 4

Na+ channel blocking AED

Question 5

phenobarbitol class

Answer 5

Na+ channel blocking AED/GABAA

Question 6

Lamotrigine class

Answer 6

Na+ channel blocking AED

Question 7

topiramate class

Answer 7

Na+ channel blocking AED

Question 8

zonisamide class

Answer 8

Na+ channel blocking AED

Question 9

phenytoin metabolism

Answer 9

liver (P450),

Question 10

drug that is 1st order initially then slows to zero order

Answer 10

phenytoin

Question 11

drug that causes gum hyperplasia

Answer 11

phenytoin

Question 12

drug that causes osteopenia

Answer 12

phenytoin

Question 13

drug that causes dose dependant neutropenia

Answer 13

carbamazepine

Question 14

drug that autoinduces P450

Answer 14

carbamazepine

Question 15

drug that has a metabolite that is active against seziures but increases adverse effects

Answer 15

carbamazepine

Question 16

drug to use if you cant tell if seziures are partial or generized

Answer 16

valproic acid

Question 17

drug that inhibits hepatic metabolism of other AEDS

Answer 17

valproic acid

Question 18

MOA of valproic acid

Answer 18

blocks Na+, also T-type Ca++ channels, and may effect GABAA

Question 19

Adverse Effects of valproic acid

Answer 19

weight gain, tremors, hair loss, jaundice

Question 20

fat, bald, shaky and yellow

Answer 20

valproic acid

Question 21

drug used as adjunctive therapy for partual and GTC seziures

Answer 21

lamotrigine

Question 22

drug that can cause rash, up to stevens=johnson

Answer 22

lamotrigine

Question 23

adverse effects of topiramate

Answer 23

confusion/psychosis, renal stones

Question 24

Na+ channel AED excreted by the kidney

Answer 24

topiramate

Question 25

drug NOT to give in pt with hx of kidney stones

Answer 25

topiramate

Question 26

lacosimide class

Answer 26

Na+ channel AED, (2nd generation)

Question 27

how benzos help seizures

Answer 27

enhance GABAA channel

Question 28

benzos used for seizures

Answer 28

diazapam, lorazepam, clonazepam

Question 29

barbos used for seizures

Answer 29

phenobarbital

Question 30

drugs that have GABA secondary effects

Answer 30

topiramate, gabapentin, valproic acid

Question 31

metabolism of clonazepam

Answer 31

hepatic

Question 32

SE of clonazepam

Answer 32

sedation, ataxia, psychosis, memory problems

Question 33

AED that can worsen seziures when tolerance occurs

Answer 33

clonazepam

Question 34

AED that is rapidly absorbed to fat

Answer 34

diazepam

Question 35

drug used to treat status epilepticus

Answer 35

diazepam

Question 36

problem with using diazepam longterm

Answer 36

marked sedation and tolerance

Question 37

SE of phenobarbital

Answer 37

cognitive slowing, hyperactivity in kids

Question 38

AED with the worst cognitive slowing effects

Answer 38

phenobarbital

Question 39

type of drug used for absence seizures only

Answer 39

T channel Calcium channel agents

Question 40

type of seziure that generates 3 Hz spike and wave pattern

Answer 40

absence

Question 41

MOA of T channel Ca++ channel AEDs

Answer 41

hyperpolarsing channels that generate rhymic pacemaker activity in thalmus

Question 42

DOC for absence seizures

Answer 42

ethosuximide

Question 43

drugs that can be used for absence seizures

Answer 43

ethosuximide, valproic acid, zonisamide, lamotrigine

Question 44

drug that can ONLY be used against absence seizures

Answer 44

ethosuximide

Question 45

SE of ethosuximide

Answer 45

GI irritation, lethargy

Question 46

site of ethosuximide metabolism

Answer 46

liver

Question 47

gabapntin MA

Answer 47

binds to Ca++ a2g subunit and impedes excessive synaptic glu release

Question 48

adverse effects of gabapentin

Answer 48

sedation, ataxia, weight gain, peripheral edema

Question 49

AED used off label for neuropathic pain

Answer 49

gabapentin

Question 50

MOA of levatiracetam

Answer 50

bids to SV2A synaptic vesicle protein

Question 51

adverse effects of levatiracetam

Answer 51

somnolence, ataxia, irritability

Question 52

do you treat with AEDs after an initial seziure

Answer 52

no

Question 53

better idea, combo therapy or pushing one drug to toxicity

Answer 53

monotherapy

Question 54

DOCs for partial seziures

Answer 54

carbamazepine, penytoin, lamotrigine

Question 55

DOC for absence only

Answer 55

ethosuximide

Question 56

DOC for absence + other type

Answer 56

valproic acid

Question 57

DOC for primary generalized seizures

Answer 57

valproic acid, lamotrigine, topiramate, levetiracetam

Question 58

carbamazepine + phenytoin =

Answer 58

lower levels of both drugs

Question 59

erythimycin + phenytoin =

Answer 59

phenytoin toxicity

Question 60

general effect of AEDs on many drugs

Answer 60

may slow clearance by slowing glucuronidation

Question 61

AEDs that are P450 inducers

Answer 61

pehnobarbital, phenytoin, carbamazepine

Question 62

AED that can cause neural tube defects

Answer 62

valproic acid and carbamazepine

Question 63

DOC for status elipticus

Answer 63

IV benzo, plus IV fosphenytoin