alcohol pharm Flashcards
1. Describe the absorption, distribution and metabolism of ethanol and methanol. 2. List the pharmacological and toxic effects of ethanol and methanol and the mechanism of action for each effect. 3. Describe the tolerance and physical dependence that develops following chronic ethanol administration. 4. Describe the pharmacological approaches to the treatment of alcoholism. 5. Describe the pharmacological approaches to the treatment of methanol poisoning and the mechanism of action of the ag
1
Q
kcal yield of EtOH
A
7 kcal/g
2
Q
effective dose of EtOH
A
1-3 g/kg
3
Q
mode of EtOH absorption
A
passive diffusion in the SI
4
Q
delays the absoption of EtOH
A
food in stomach
5
Q
distribution of EtOH in body
A
in total body water
6
Q
most EtOH is metaboloized by
A
alcohol dehydrogenase
7
Q
some EtOH metabolized via
A
P450
8
Q
end result of EtOH metabolizism
A
acetyl CoA
9
Q
rate limiting step of EtOH metabolism
A
EtOH to acetaldehyde
10
Q
rate of EtOH metabolism
A
7-10 gm/hour
11
Q
% of EtOH metabolized by P450
A
10%
12
Q
main enzyme in P450 that metabolizes EtOH
A
CYP3A4/5
13
Q
receptor inhibited by EtOH
A
glu (NDMA and kianate)
14
Q
recptor enhanced by EtOH
A
GABAA
15
Q
def: Dispositional tolerance
A
reduced effect and reduced concentration in plasma
