Antibiotics Brand/Generics Flashcards
Bicillin L-A
- Form:
- Indications:
Benzathine penicillin
- F: IM
- I: Grp A strep, Rheumatic fever, syphilis
Bicillin C-
- Not use for
- Dose:
ProCaine penicillin + Benzathine penicillin
- Not use for syphillis
- 2.4 MU IM x 1
Pen-Vee K
- Form
- Administration
Pencillin V
- 250-500 mg PO QID
- Empty stomach
Pre-Pen
Benzylpenicilloyl Polylysine
- Skin test for allergy patient
Zosyn
- Piperacillin + tazobactam 2.25, 3.375, 4.5g IV Q6H
Timentin
- Ticarcillin + Clavulanate IV 3.1g IV Q4-6H
UnAsyn
Ampicillin + sUlbactam
1.5 to 3g IV/IM Q6H
Augmentin
- Administration
- Dose & Frequency of Augmentin ES
- Dose & Frequency of Augmenting XR
C/I of XR
Amoxicillin + Clavulante
- A: take with food
- Augmentin ES: 600mg/5mL BID
- Augmentin XR: 1000 mg BID
C/I: CrCl
Keflex
- Form:
Cephalexin
- Form: PO
Ancef
- Form:
- DOC:
Cefazolin 1g IV/IM Q6-8H
- DOC for surgical prophylaxis
Duricef
- Form:
Cefadroxil
- PO/Suspension
Ceclor
Raniclor
CefaCLOR PO
2nd Generation
CefZIL
CefproZIL PO
2nd Generation
- Zinacef
- Ceftin
CefuROXime PO/IM/IV
2nd Generation
MeFOXin
CeFOXitin IV
2nd Generation
Cover anaerobes
Rocephin
Cefotetan
- Ceftriaxone IV/IM 3rd generation
- IV 2nd generation => disulfiram
Cover anaerobes
OMnicef
CefDINir PO
3rd genertion
SPECTRAcef
CefdiTOREN PO with food
3rd generation
SUPrax
CeFIXime PO/Suspension
3rd generation
VANtin
CefPOdoxime PO with food
3rd generation
CEdax
CeftiBUtin PO
3rd generation
CepTAZ
ForTAZ
CefTAZidime IV/IM
3rd generation - Anti-psuedomonas
CefiZOX
CeftiZOXine IM/IV
CeFOBID
CefoperaZONE IV
3rd generation => disulfiram
Anti-psuedomonas aeruginosa
ClafoRAN
RA PHO RAN
CefoTAXime IV/IM
3rd generation
MaxiPIME
- Form
- Dose: regular and NF
- Activity
CefePIME
- Form: IV/IM
- 1-2g IV/IM Q12H
- FN 2g IV Q8H
- Activity: anti-psuedomonas
Teflaro
- Frequency
- Form
Ceftaroline fosamil
- > 18y.o: 600 mg IV Q12H over 1H
Imipenem + Cilastatin
- SEs
- DDI
Primaxin
- SEs: SZ (most), D/V
DDI (all):
- Decrease valproic acid level
- Ganiclovir: increase risk of sz
Meropenem
Merrem
Ertapenem
Invanz
Doripenem
Doribax
Cubicin
- Dose
- Spec
- No act against which gram +
- ADEs
Daptomycin
- 4-6mg/kg IV QD x 7d
- No activity against step pneu: binds to surfactant
- Spec: MRSA, MSSA, Gram +
- ADEs: neuropathy, myopathy => hold statin if also on statin
Cipro
- Dose
- IV to PO conversion
- For all PO FQ:
Ciprofloxacin
- 250 to 500mg PO BID = 200 to 400 mg IV Q12H
- IV is 80% of PO
- Reduce in renal dysfxn
- For all PO FQ:
- Take 2H prior or 6H after antacids. No yogurt, milk, Ca+
products - Do no give PO susp the feeding tube
- Take 2H prior or 6H after antacids. No yogurt, milk, Ca+
Ciprodex Otic
- Form
- Indication
- Direction
Ciprofloxacin + Dexamethasone
- Form: ointment/sol’n
- Otitis externa => no for EYE
- Shake well
- Instill 4 drops into the affected ear BID x 7 days
Ciloxan
- Indication
- Direction
Ciprofloxacin ointment/solution for eye
- Bacterial conjunctivitis
- 1-2gtts Q2H for 2 days then 1-2gtts Q4H x 5 days
Maxaquin
Lomefloxacin - 400 mg PO QPM to decrease phototoxicity
NORoxin
- Indication
NORfloxacin 400mg PO BID
- UTI
Levaquin
Iquix
Quixin
Levofloxacin - 3rd G
Iquix & Quixin: ophthalmic for bacterial conjunctivitis
- Tequin - PO NOT AVAILABLE
- Zymar
Gatifloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic sol’n
1-2 gtts Q2H up to 8x/d while awake x 2d, then 1-2 drops Q4H up to 4x/d on days 3-7
FACTive
GEMifloxacin 320 mg PO QD
- Bronchitis x 5 d
- CAP x 7 days
- Avelox
- Vigamox
- Moxeza
- MOXifloxacin 400 mg IV/PO QD (IV over 60 min)
NO Renal dose adjust needed - Vigamox: Moxifloxacin opthal 0.5% sol’n: 1 gtt TID x 7d
- Moxeza: Moxifloxcacin 0.5% 1 gtt BID x 7d
- Besivance
Besifloxacin 0.6% ophthalmic susp
Bactrim
Septra
Sulfatrim
Cotrimoxazole
- MOA
- SEs
- Spec
- Indications:
- Renal adjustment:
- C/I
- Bactrim IV diluted in:
Trimethooprim - Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX)
- MOA: inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductase
- SEs: Bone marrow suppression, incr K level, RASH
- Spec: Gram Neg, PCP, MRSA
- Indication: UTI, PCP, MRSA
- CrCl 15-30mL/min: give 50% of dose
- C/I: megaloblastic anemia, prego, nursing mom,
Macrobid
- C/I
- ADEs
Nitrofurantoin 50-100mg PO BID with FOOD
- Do not use if CrCl 38 weeks)
- Do not use in infant
MONurol
- Indication
FosfoMYcin 3g package single dose use in women
UTI
Biaxin
Biaxin XL
- Direction to take:
- C/I
- How to store suspension sol’n?
Clarithromycin
- C/I in pregnancy. Cause metallic taste
- Biaxin XL takes w/ Food (like augmenting)
- Do not refrigerate suspension
Zithromax
ZMAX
- Direction to take it:
Tri-pack
Z-pack
Direction/dose for kids:
Azithromycin IV/PO/Suspension
- Zmax = XL: 2g susp in 60mL take all @ once on empty stomach
- Tri-Pack #3 tablets: 500 mg
- Z-pack #6 tablets x 5 days: 250mg QD
Kids
- 10mg/kg to 500mg PO 1st d then 5mg/kg to 250mg day 2-5 for otitis media or CAP
- Take on EMPTY stomach
Dificid
Fidaxomicin 200mg PO BID x 10d
- Indication: c.difficile
- Class: macrolides
- MOA: inhibits RNA synthesis by inhibiting RNA polymerase
Ketek
- Renal
- C/I
- Caution
Telithromycin 800mg PO QD for 7-10 days
- Renal dose adjusted: CrCl
Vibramycin
- Dose
DOXYcycline:
- 100mg PO QD-BID
Minocin
Dynacin
- Dose
Minocycline
- Dose: 200mg IV/PO 1st dose then 100mg BID
Sumycin
- Doses/Administration
- Indications
- Outdated sumycin ADEs:
TETRAcycline
- 250 to 500 mg PO QID on Empty stomach
- 250 to 500 mg PO BID of acne vulgaris
- Indication: mycoplasma, chlamydia
- ADEs: Fanconi’s syndrome: outdated tetracyclines
Cleocin
- Spectrum
- Forms
- # 1 SE:
Clindamycin
- Spectrum: Gram +, anaerobes. NO GRAM NEG
- Form: PO/IV/ solution
- # 1 SEs: c.difficile infection pseudomembranous colitis
Lincocin
- Spectrum
- SEs
Lincomycin
- Spec: gram +
- SEs: pseudomembranous colitis
Flagyl
- MOA
- DOC
- SEs
- Dosage forms:
- Direction to take Flagryl ER:
- Storage for IV
Metronidazole
- MOA: disruption of bacterial DNA; inhibits nucleic acid synthesis
- DOC: C.difficile
- SEs: disulfiram rxn, darken urine, metallic taste, GI upset
- Dosage forms: IV, PO
- ER: take on empty stomach
- IV protect from light
Tetracycline counseling pts
- Cautions:
- Avoids
- Renal adjustment:
Cautions:
- Photosensitivity
- Interaction with milk/antacids. Separated by 1-2H
Avoids
- Children
Chloramphenicol IV
- MOA:
- ADEs
MOA
- Bind to 50S subunit and inhibits protein synthesis
ADEs:
- Hemolytic anemias
- Bone marrow suppression
- Leukemia
- Gray baby syndrome
Zyvox
- MOA
- Spec
- Suspension direction:
- SEs
- Renal dose adjusted:
Linezolid 600mg PO/IV Q12H
- MOA: inhibit protein synthesis
- Spectrum: VRE, MRSA, gram +
- Suspension: do not shake bottle
- SEs:
Thrombocytopenia
MOA inhibitor, SZ
Peripheral and optic neuropathy - Renal clear: no need to adjust
Syncercid
- Diluted in:
- Spec:
- ADEs
Quinupristine + Dalfopristin 7.5mg/kg IV Q8H in D5W
- Spec: VRE, MRSA, gram +
- ADEs: arthralgia, myalgia
Tigecycline
- MOA
- Spec
- C/I
TYGACIL
- MOA: binds to ribosome 30s 5x higher affinity than tetracycline
- Spec: VRE, MRSA, MRSE, Gram -, anaerobic
- C/I: Pregnancy,
Vibativ
- Frequency
- Spec
- ADEs
- Renal
Telavancin
- 10mg/kg IV QD
- Spec: Gram +
- ADEs: Nephro, QT prolongation, taste disturbance, N/V, foamy urine
- Renal:
CrCl 30 to 50: 7.5mg/kg QD
CrCl 10 to
Xifaxan
- Indications
- Dose
Rifaximin
- For traveler’s diarrhea due to E.Coli
Only works in the gut. Should NOT use in pts w/ fever or
bloody stools
200 mg PO TID x 3 days - Prevention of hepatic encephalopathy due to CLD:
550 mg PO BID
Mepron
- Tx
- PPX
- Indication
Atovaquone
- Tx: 750 mg PO BID x 21d w/ meals
- PPX: 1500mg PO daily
- Indication: PCP in pt w/ sulfa allergy
Ato va quan
Ampho B Conventional
- SE
- Pre-med
- Storage
- Dilution
Fungizone
- SEs: shaking, chills, hypoTN, tachycardia, nephrotoxicity, hypoK, hypoMg
- Premedicate: APAP, Benadryl, hydrocortisone, meperidine
- Protect from light, refrigerate
- Diluted w/ D5W
Diflucan - Dose: Vaginal candidiasis Oropharyngeal candidiasis - SEs
Fluconazole
- Vaginal candidiasis: 150mg x 1
- Oropharyngeal candidiasis: 200mg 1st day then 100mg PO daily x 2 weeks
- SEs: hepatotoxicity, N, and abd pain
Sporanox
- Dose onychomycosis
- SEs
Itraconazole
- Onychomycosis: 200mg PO QD x 12wks
- SEs: Negative inotrope (do not give to CHF pt), hepatotoxicity, hypoK, GI