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A&P Quarter 2 > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

The PNS is composed of _____ and ______ neurons.

A

Afferent (sensory)

Efferent (motor)

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2
Q

Efferent neurons can belong to either the _____ nervous system which innervates skeletal muscle, or the _____.

A

somatic

ANS

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3
Q

The ANS regulates activity of _____ muscle, ______ muscle, and certain ______.

A

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Glands

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4
Q

The ANS is regulated by centers in these three areas.

A

Brain, hypothalamus, medulla oblongata

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5
Q

The somatic system innervates _______ muscle, while the autonomic system innervates ________ and _______ muscles.

A

Skeletal

Smooth and Cardiac

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6
Q

Perceived sensations come from the _______ nervous system.

A

somatic

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7
Q

The effect of a ______ neuron is excitation.

A

Somatic

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8
Q

The effect of a ______ neuron is either excitation or inhibition.

A

Autonomic

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9
Q

How many motor neurons in a somatic pathway?

A

One

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10
Q

How many neurons are in an autonomic motor pathway?

A

Two

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11
Q

The cell body of a somatic motor nerve is where?

A

Ventral Horn

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12
Q

The cell body of an autonomic nerve is where?

A

Lateral horn

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13
Q

Does the ANS have a synapse?

A

Yes. They’re 2 cells.

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14
Q

What are the names of the two fibers in an ANS pathway?

A

Preganglionic fiber

Postganglionic fiber

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15
Q

Which ganglionic fiber is myelinated?

A

Preganglionic

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16
Q

Which ganglionic if gray in color?

A

Postganglionic

17
Q

The sympathetic ANS is “______ or _____”

A

Fight or flight

18
Q

What is the thoracolumbar outflow?

A

Is the sympathetic nervous system

19
Q

What are the paravertebral ganglia?

A

Two chains of ganglia, one on each side of the vertebral column

20
Q

What connects the paravertebral ganglion to the spinal nerve?

A

White ramus communicans

Gray ramus communicans

21
Q

The white ramus communicans is __ganglionic while the grey ramus communicans is ___ganglionic.

A

Preganglionic

Postganglionic

22
Q

What are the prevertebral ganglia?

A

Three ganglia in from of the abdominal aorta

23
Q

What responses does the sympathetic nervous system increase?

A

Heart Rate
BP
Dilates Pupils
Deepens breathing

24
Q

What does the sympathetic nervous system suppress?

A

Secretions and mobility of the GI tract

Skin cools: cold, sweaty palms

25
Q

What three things can preganglionic fibers do?

A

Synapse with postganglionic fiber at the same level
Synapse with pre ganglionic fiber at the same level
Pass through the paravertebral ganglion and synapse in prevertebral ganglion

26
Q

The paravertebral ganglion and synapse in the prevertabral region are also called what?

A

Splanchnic nerves

27
Q

What do the splanchnic nerves innervate?

A 
Liver
Pancreas
Stomach
Intestines
Kidneys
Bladder
28
Q

The sympathetic ANS has a _____ preganglionic fiber and a ______ postganglionic fiber.

A

Short

Long

29
Q

The parasympathetic division of the ANS regulates “______ and _______”

A

Rest and relaxation

30
Q

The parasympathetic ANS has a _____ preganglionic fiber and a ______ postganglionic fiber.

A

Long

Short

31
Q

What forms the craniosacral outflow?

A

The parasympathetic ANS

32
Q

What is a terminal ganglia?

A

A ganglia located in, or adjacent to, the organ it supplies.

33
Q

The PNS lessens these responses…

A

Lowers HR
Loweres BP
Constricts pupils
Lessens breathing

34
Q

The PNS increases these responses….

A

Increase secretion and mobility of the GI tract

35
Q

What is the divergence of the sympathetic ANS?

A

Each preganglionic fiber synapses with many postganglionic fibers

36
Q

In the sympathetic ANS ACh is release by? NE is released by?

A

All preganglionic fibers release ACh

Most postganglionic fibers release NE

37
Q

In the parasympathetic ANS ACh is released by….

A

All fibers.

38
Q

A cholinergic fiber….

An adrenergic fiber…

A

Releases ACh

Releases NE

39
Q

The sympathetic ANS forms ________ outflow, while the parasympathetic ANS forms ________ outflow.

A

Thoracolumbar outflow

Craniosacral outflow

A&P Quarter 2 (16 decks)

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