ANS

Question 1

The PNS is composed of _____ and ______ neurons.

Answer 1

Afferent (sensory)

Efferent (motor)

Question 2

Efferent neurons can belong to either the _____ nervous system which innervates skeletal muscle, or the _____.

Answer 2

somatic

ANS

Question 3

The ANS regulates activity of _____ muscle, ______ muscle, and certain ______.

Answer 3

Smooth muscle
Cardiac muscle
Glands

Question 4

The ANS is regulated by centers in these three areas.

Answer 4

Brain, hypothalamus, medulla oblongata

Question 5

The somatic system innervates _______ muscle, while the autonomic system innervates ________ and _______ muscles.

Answer 5

Skeletal

Smooth and Cardiac

Question 6

Perceived sensations come from the _______ nervous system.

Answer 6

somatic

Question 7

The effect of a ______ neuron is excitation.

Answer 7

Somatic

Question 8

The effect of a ______ neuron is either excitation or inhibition.

Answer 8

Autonomic

Question 9

How many motor neurons in a somatic pathway?

Answer 9

One

Question 10

How many neurons are in an autonomic motor pathway?

Answer 10

Two

Question 11

The cell body of a somatic motor nerve is where?

Answer 11

Ventral Horn

Question 12

The cell body of an autonomic nerve is where?

Answer 12

Lateral horn

Question 13

Does the ANS have a synapse?

Answer 13

Yes. They’re 2 cells.

Question 14

What are the names of the two fibers in an ANS pathway?

Answer 14

Preganglionic fiber

Postganglionic fiber

Question 15

Which ganglionic fiber is myelinated?

Answer 15

Preganglionic

Question 16

Which ganglionic if gray in color?

Answer 16

Postganglionic

Question 17

The sympathetic ANS is “______ or _____”

Answer 17

Fight or flight

Question 18

What is the thoracolumbar outflow?

Answer 18

Is the sympathetic nervous system

Question 19

What are the paravertebral ganglia?

Answer 19

Two chains of ganglia, one on each side of the vertebral column

Question 20

What connects the paravertebral ganglion to the spinal nerve?

Answer 20

White ramus communicans

Gray ramus communicans

Question 21

The white ramus communicans is __ganglionic while the grey ramus communicans is ___ganglionic.

Answer 21

Preganglionic

Postganglionic

Question 22

What are the prevertebral ganglia?

Answer 22

Three ganglia in from of the abdominal aorta

Question 23

What responses does the sympathetic nervous system increase?

Answer 23

Heart Rate
BP
Dilates Pupils
Deepens breathing

Question 24

What does the sympathetic nervous system suppress?

Answer 24

Secretions and mobility of the GI tract

Skin cools: cold, sweaty palms

Question 25

What three things can preganglionic fibers do?

Answer 25

Synapse with postganglionic fiber at the same level Synapse with pre ganglionic fiber at the same level Pass through the paravertebral ganglion and synapse in prevertebral ganglion

Question 26

The paravertebral ganglion and synapse in the prevertabral region are also called what?

Answer 26

Splanchnic nerves

Question 27

What do the splanchnic nerves innervate?

Answer 27

``` Liver Pancreas Stomach Intestines Kidneys Bladder ```

Question 28

The sympathetic ANS has a _____ preganglionic fiber and a ______ postganglionic fiber.

Answer 28

Short | Long

Question 29

The parasympathetic division of the ANS regulates "______ and _______"

Answer 29

Rest and relaxation

Question 30

The parasympathetic ANS has a _____ preganglionic fiber and a ______ postganglionic fiber.

Answer 30

Long | Short

Question 31

What forms the craniosacral outflow?

Answer 31

The parasympathetic ANS

Question 32

What is a terminal ganglia?

Answer 32

A ganglia located in, or adjacent to, the organ it supplies.

Question 33

The PNS lessens these responses...

Answer 33

Lowers HR Loweres BP Constricts pupils Lessens breathing

Question 34

The PNS increases these responses....

Answer 34

Increase secretion and mobility of the GI tract

Question 35

What is the divergence of the sympathetic ANS?

Answer 35

Each preganglionic fiber synapses with many postganglionic fibers

Question 36

In the sympathetic ANS ACh is release by? NE is released by?

Answer 36

All preganglionic fibers release ACh | Most postganglionic fibers release NE

Question 37

In the parasympathetic ANS ACh is released by....

Answer 37

All fibers.

Question 38

A cholinergic fiber.... | An adrenergic fiber...

Answer 38

Releases ACh | Releases NE

Question 39

The sympathetic ANS forms ________ outflow, while the parasympathetic ANS forms ________ outflow.

Answer 39

Thoracolumbar outflow | Craniosacral outflow