Animal Physiology - Lecture 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Anemone fish can .. sex, .. male becomes female

A

change, biggest

-shows development got social/behavioural factors

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2
Q

Darwin recognised relationships between organisms can be determined via …

A

embryo

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3
Q

Evolutionary development biolgoy studies .. and ..

A

genetics, embryology

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4
Q

if fruit fly has a mouse Pax6 gene expressed in its leg, an .. will develop instead

A

eye

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5
Q

Drosophila gap genes .., .., .. and .. .. genes are all expressed in anterior region of the brain

A

ems, tll, otd, homologous vertebrate

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6
Q

morphological changes can result from gene …

also .. and .. expression of developmental genes

A

mutation

spatial, temporal

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7
Q

Ultrabithorax UBX gene has a mutation where it represses the .. gene, which is essential for leg formation in arthropods

as the Ubx gene is expressed in the abdomen, insects .. form legs on their abdomens

A

dll

don’t

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8
Q

In birds the BMP4 gene is exxpressed between developing toes, it instructs these cells to undergo …, which .. the webs

the BMP … in ducks, known as .. prevents BMP4 leaving the .. feet

A

apoptosis, destroys

inhibitor, gremlin, webbed

  • can even artificially express this gene in chickens
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9
Q

modularity allows the .. of developental processes to shift ..

A

timing, independently

-heterochrony

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10
Q

if salamander web feet dissolving is delayed, the digits .. grow, resulting in .. webbed feet

A

don’t, juvenile

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11
Q

A single genotype can encode a wide range of phenotypes under different .. conditinos

A

environmental

-includes temperature, social etc.

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12
Q

Aedes aegypti, when it has a blood meal it stimulates production of … which is needed for eggs

A

vitellogenin

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13
Q

In Euscelis leafhoppers, .. .. are needed for abdomen development

A

gut bacteria

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14
Q

Bicyclus anynana has a dry and wet season, based on temperature during ..

A

pupation

  • predicting future conditions
  • squinting bush brown butterfly
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15
Q

Nemoria arizonaria feed on and resemble oak flowers in …, and in the season of .. they feed on oak leaves and resemble oak leaf stems

A

spring, summer

-can even be converted from spring to summer by diet change

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16
Q

Daphnia increase the size of their helmets when encountering …, including their … when swimming in water

this also results in their .., being born with large heads

A

Chaoborus, larvae

offspring

17
Q

Spadefoot toad tadpoles morphology becomes more … when ponds begin to dr up

A

predatory

-carnviorous as they eat other tadpoles to speed development