Animal Physiology - Lecture 7 Flashcards
Hydra’s clone via ..
budding
monozygotic twins result in … separating
blastomeres
- two babies develop with own placenta in uterus if early separation
- late separation can result in nutrient imbalances or very late even conjoined
Spemann bisected salamander embryo with .., producing two adult salamadners
hair
-manipulating embryos for monozygotic twins
Dizygotic twins are .. clones, result from two eggs being separately fertilised
not
SCNT stands for .. .. .. ..
Clones may be created from reprogramming .. cells
Somatic cell nuclear transfer
somatic
-perhaps one day a human clone can be developed from an adult
the nucleus of a somatic cell contains a complete copy of an individuals …
a fertilised egg is … so can reprogram adult nuclei to start development again
genome
totipotent
an enuceated cell has had its .. removed
nucleus
Megan & Morag were the first mammals cloned from … cells
differentiated
-from embryonic growth facto r
Dolly was the first mammal cloned from … differentiated cells.
This was important, as suggestions were made that embryonic cells had not yet lost their ..
adult
totipotency
Dolly was a … sheep she was birthed by a .. .. sheep
Dorset
Scottish Blackfaced
Polly is the first … mammal clone, the human ..-… factor .. was added to the cells added to the enuclated sheep oocyte
This is an example of ..
transgenic
blood-clotting, IX
pharming
- used to treat haemophilia
- not all clones carry transgene
Xenotransplantation is the use of .. organs rather than human
animal
The Pyrenean Ibex was brought back from extinction for . minutes
7
cloning faces problems such as shortened .., large .. .. and .. gestation
it also has a .. success rate
telomeres, foetus syndrome, prolonged
low
-1/277 for Dolly
therapeutic cloning is done via .. cells
stem
