Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Semester 3: Mind and Movement > Anatomy Topic 3 Case 6 > Flashcards

Anatomy Topic 3 Case 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Outline the two muscles of the orbital group of facial muscles

A
  • Orbicularis oculi which surrounds each orbit, it closes the eyelid
  • Corrugator supercilii which is located deep to the eyebrows, it is involved in frowning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Outline the three muscles of the nasal group of facial muscles

A
  • Nasalis, compressor naris and dilator naris
  • Procerus, which is superficial to nasal bone, and is active during frowning
  • Depressor septi nasi, arising from maxilla and inserting onto lower part of nasal septum, widens the nares
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Outline the lower group of oral group

A
  • Depressor anguli oris, depresses the corner of the mouth
  • Depressor labii inferioris, depresses the lower lip and moves it laterally
  • Mentalis, which helps position the lip when drinking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Outline the upper group of oral muscles

A
  • Risorius, pulls the corner of the mouth laterally and upward
  • Zygomaticus major and minor which help produce smile by raising the corner of the mouth and moving it laterally
  • Levator labii superioris, which deepens the furrow between the nose and corner of the mouth during sadness
  • Levator labii supeiroris alaque nasi, which assists in flaring the nares
  • Levator anguli oris, which elevates the corners of the mouth during sadness
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of the parotid gland?

A
  • Produces a serous watery saliva and salivary amylase

- Which are necessary for bolus formation, oral digestion and passage of bolus into the upper GI tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which forms the boundaries of the parotid gland?

A
  • Sternocleidomastoid behind
  • Ramus of the mandible anteriorly
  • External acoustic meatus superiorly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outline the course taken by the parotid duct

A
  • Leaves anterior edge of parotid gland
  • Crosses medial border of masseter
  • Turns medially and penetrates the buccinator muscle
  • Opens into the oral cavity near the second upper molar tooth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the facial nerve exit the skull to penetrate the parotid gland?

A
  • Stylomastoid foramen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name the five branches of the facial nerve that emerge from the parotid gland?

A
  • Temporal
  • Zygomatic
  • Buccal
  • Marginal mandibular
  • Cervical
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which artery penetrates the parotid gland?

A
  • External carotid
  • Gives off posterior auricular artery
  • Before dividing into maxillary and superficial temporal arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which vein forms in the substance of the parotid gland?

A
  • Retromandibular vein

- Formed when the superficial temporal vein and maxillary veuns join

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the parotid gland?

A
  • Auriculotemporal nerve, a branch of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the secretomotor innervation of the parotid gland?

A
  • Preganglionic fibres to otic ganglion from glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Postganglionic fibres from otic ganglion via auriculotemporal nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Identify the 3 auricular muscles

A
  • Anterior auricular, pulling the ear upward and forward
  • Superior auricular, which elevates the ear
  • Posterior auricular, which retracts and elevates the ear
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Outline the boundaries of the scalp

A
  • Anteriorly: superciliary arches
  • Posteriorly: external occipital protuberance and superior nuchal lines
  • Laterally: zygomatic arch
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Outline the five layers of the scalp from superficial to deep

A
  • Skin
  • Dense connective tissue
  • Aponeurosis of occipitofrontalis
    muscle
  • Loose areolar connective tissue containing emissary veins
  • Pericranium (periosteum)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Outline the arterial supply of the scalp

A
  • External carotid artery

OR

  • Ophthalmic artery, a branch of the internal carotid artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Outline the innervation of the scalp

A
  • Anterior to the ears and vertex via the trigeminal nerve

- Posterior to the ears and vertex via C2 and C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the occipitofrontalis?

A
  • Consists of large frontal belly and smaller occipital belly
  • Connected by epicranial aponeurosis (gala aponeurotica)
  • Moves the scalp, wrinkles the forehead and raises the eyebrows
  • Innervated by facial nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the primary arterial supply of the face?

A
  • External carotid artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Outline the course of the facial artery

A
  • Branches from anterior surface of external carotid artery
  • Passes through deep structures of neck on lower border of mandible
  • Curves around inferior border of mandible
  • Runs upward and passes along side of nose to terminate as angular artery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do the superior and inferior labial branches of the facial artery supply?

A
  • Superior: Upper lip

- Inferior: Lower lip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the two terminal branches of the external carotid artery

A
  • Transverse facial artery

- Maxillary artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Identify the three branches of the maxillary artery

A
  • Infra-orbital artery supplying the lower eyelid, upper lip and structures between
  • Buccal artery, supplying the structures in the area of the buccinator muscle
  • Mental artery, supplying the chin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Which branch of the internal carotid artery supplies the face?
- Ophthalmic artery
26
Identify the three branches of the ophthalmic artery
- Zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal arteries, supplying area over zygomatic bone - Dorsal nasal artery supplying the dorsum of the nose - Supra-orbital and supra-trochlear arteries supplying the anterior scalp
27
Outline the course of the facial vein
- Supra-orbital and supra-trochlear veins come together to form angular vein - Which becomes facial vein as it proceeds inferiorly - Descends across the face with the facial artery to inferior border of mandible - Passes superficial to submandibular gland to enter internal jugular vein
28
What do the submental nodes drain?
- Lymphatics from the medial part of the lower lip and chin
29
What do the submandibular nodes drain?
- Lymphatics from: - Medial corner of the orbit - External nose - Medial part of cheek - Upper lip - Lateral part of lower lip
30
What do the pre-auricular and parotid nodes drain?
- Eyelids - External nose - Lateral part of cheek
31
The submental, submandibular and parotid nodes drain into..
- Deep cervical nodes | - Into the jugular trunks and then into either the thoracic duct or right lymphatic duct
32
Identify four branches of the ophthalmic nerve that contribute to sensory innervation of the face
- Supra-orbital and supra-trochlear nerves supplying the forehead and scalp - Infratrochlear nerve innervating upper eyelid and side of nose - Lacrimal nerve innervating lateral half of upper eyelid - External nasal nerve supplying anterior part of nose
33
Identify four branches of the maxillary nerve that contribute to sensory innervation of the face
- Zygomaticotemporal branch supplying anterior temple - Zygomaticofacial branch innervating a small area of skin over zygomatic bone - Infra-orbital nerve innervating lower eyelid and cheek
34
Identify four branches of the mandibular nerve that contribute to sensory innervation of the face
- Auriculotemporal branch innervating external acoustic meatus, tympanic membrane and temple - Buccal nerve innervating cheek - Mental nerve innervating chin - Lingual nerve, taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
35
What does the temporal branch of the facial nerve supply?
- Muscles in area of temple. forehead and supraorbital area
36
What does the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve supply?
- Muscles in the infra-orbital area, lateral nasal area and upper lip
37
What does the buccal branch of the facial nerve supply?
- Muscles in the cheek, upper lip, corner of the mouth
38
What does the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve supply?
- Muscles in the cheek, upper lip and corner of the mouth
39
What does the cervical mandibular branch of the facial nerve supply?
- Platysma
40
What is the root of the tongue attached to?
- Mandible | - Hyoid bone
41
What structure separates the oral and pharyngeal parts of the tongue?
- Terminal sulcus
42
What are filiform papillae?
- Small, cone-shaped projections of mucosa that end in one or more points
43
What are fungiform papillae?
- Medium, round projections of mucosa that are concentrated along the margins of the tongue
44
What are the vallate papillae?
- Large cylindrical papillae | dispersed in a V-shape line anterior to the terminal sulcus of the tongue
45
What are the foliate papilae?
- Linear folds of mucosa on the sides of the tongue near the terminal sulcus
46
What is the role of the papillae?
- Increase area of contact between the surface of the tongue and the contents of the oral cavity
47
Which pupillae do not possess taste buds on their surfaces?
- Filiform pupillae
48
What is the major artery that supplies the tongue?
- Lingual artery
49
Which veins drain the tongue?
- Lingual veins | - Located on inferior surface of tongue on each side lateral to frenulum
50
Which lymph nodes drain the tongue?
- Deep cervical nodes | - Along internal jugular vein
51
Outline the innervation of the tongue
- Sensation to anterior 2/3: lingual nerve, mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve - Taste for anterior 2/3: facial nerve - Sensation and taste to posterior 1/3 of tongue: glossopharyngeal nerve - Motor innervation: hypoglossal nerve, except for palatoglossus which is innervated by vagus
52
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue
- Origin: Median septum - Insertion: Margins of tongue - Action: Shortens tongue
53
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue
- Origin: Root of tongue - Insertion: Apex of tongue - Action: Shortens tongue
54
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the transverse muscle of the tongue
- Origin: Median septum of tongue - Insertion: Lateral markings of tongue - Action: Narrows and elongates tongud
55
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the vertical muscle of the tongue
- Origin: Dorsum of tongue - Insertion: Ventral regions of tongue - Action: Flattens and widens tongue
56
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the genioglossus muscle
- Origin: Superior mental spines - Insertion: Hyoid bone - Action: Protrudes tongue
57
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the hypoglossus muscle
- Origin: Greater horn of hyoid bone - Insertion: Lateral surface of tongue - Action: Depresses tongue
58
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the styloglossus muscle
- Origin: Styloid process - Insertion: lateral surface of tongue - Action: Elevates and retracts tongue
59
Identify the origin, insertion and function of the palatoglossus muscle
- Origin: Palatine aponeurosis - Insertion: Lateral margin of tongue - Action: Depresses palate, elevates back of tongue
60
Identify the origin, insertion, action and innervation of the masseter
- Origin: Zygomatic arch - Insertion: Ramus of mandible - Action: Elevation of mandible - Innervation: Masseteric nerve, a branch of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
61
Identify the origin, insertion, action and innervation of the temporalis
- Origin: Temporal fossa - Insertion: Coronoid process of mandible - Action: Elevation and retraction of mandible - Innervation: Temporal nerves, a branch of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
62
Identify the origin, insertion, action and innervation of the medial pterygoid muscle
- Origin: Medial surface of lateral plate of pterygoid process - Insertion: Medial surface of mandible near angle of mandible - Action: Elevation and lateral movements of mandible - Innervation: Nerve to medial pterygoid, a branch of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
63
Identify the origin, insertion, action and innervation of the lateral pterygoid muscle
- Origin: Lateral surface of lateral plate of pterygoid process - Insertion: Capsule of temporomandibular joint - Action: Protrusion and lateral movements of mandible - Nerve to lateral pterygoid, a branch of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve
64
Which nerve provides sensation to anterior 2/3 of tongue?
- LIngual nerve
65
Where is the foramen cecum located and what is its significance?
- Apex of the V-shaped sulcus terminalis | - Embryological origin of epithelia of thyroid gland

Semester 3: Mind and Movement (21 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions