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My own anatomy > Anatomy Cramming > Flashcards

Anatomy Cramming Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

Distribute blood from the heart

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2
Q

What is the function of capillaries

A

Exchange nutrients

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3
Q

What is the function of veins?

A

Collect and return blood to the heart

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4
Q

What is the function of lymphatics?

A

Drain excess extracellular fluid from tissues

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5
Q

What are the 2 main circulations?

A

Pulmonary and systemic

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6
Q

Describe the position of the mediastinum

A

Lies between the right and left pleura, it extends from the stenum in front of the vertebral column and contains all the thoracic organs except the lungs

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7
Q

Describe what is anterior to the heart

A

Sternum and costal cartilages 4-7

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8
Q

Describe what is posterior to the heart

A

Oesophagus and descending aorta

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9
Q

Describe what is lateral to the heart

A

Pleurae and phrenic nerve

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10
Q

Describe what lies inferiorly to the heart

A

Central tendon of diaphragm

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11
Q

What makes up the right border of the heart?

A

Right atrium

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12
Q

What makes up the left border of the heart?

A

Left ventricle

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13
Q

Describe what makes up the superior borders of the heart

A

Atria and great vessels

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14
Q

Describe what makes up the inferior border of the heart?

A
  • Right Ventricle

- Left ventricle

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15
Q

Describe what makes up the anterior border of the heart

A
  • Right Atrium
  • right ventricle
  • Left venricle
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16
Q

Describe what makes up the posterior border (base) of the heart

A

Left atrium

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17
Q

Where is the apex of the heart located?

A

5th left intercostal space, midclavicular line

18
Q

What section of the heart makes up the apex?

A

Left ventricle

19
Q

How many layers of pericardium are there?

A

2

20
Q

What are the layers of pericardium

A

Fibrous

Serous

21
Q

Describe the fibrous pericardium

A

Dense connective tissue sac

22
Q

Describe the serous pericardium

A

Has 2 layers:
Outer parietal layers
Inner visceral layer = epicardium

23
Q

What is in-between the layers of serous pericardium

A

Fluid

24
Q

What are the major arteries of the heart?

A
  • Right Coronary artery
  • Right marginal artery
  • Left circumflex artery
  • Left anterior descending artery
  • Left marginal artery
25
Q

Where does the right coronary artery arise from?

A

Right aortic sinus of ascending aorta

26
Q

Where does the left coronary artery arise from?

A

Left aortic sinus of ascending aorta

27
Q

What sculus does the RCA run in?

A

Coronary (atrioventricular) sculus

28
Q

What does the does the LCA run in?

A

Coronary sculus

29
Q

Describe what the RCA becomes?

A
  • Right marginal artery

- Posterior descending artery

30
Q

Describe what the LCA becomes?

A
  • Left anterior descending artery
  • Left Circumflex artery
  • Left marginal artery
31
Q

What does the left circumflex artery supply?

A
  • LA

- LV

32
Q

What does the left marginal artery supply?

A
  • Left ventricle
33
Q

What does the right coronary artery supply?

A
  • Right atrium

- Right ventricle

34
Q

What does the right marginal artery supply?

A
  • Right ventricle

- Apex

35
Q

What does the left anterior descending artery supply?

A
  • RV
  • LV
  • Interventricular septum
36
Q

What veins drain the heart?

A

Great cardiac vein
Middle cardiac vein
Small cardiac vein

37
Q

What do cardiac veins drain into?

A

The coronary sinus (which drains into RA)

38
Q

Where do anterior cardiac veins drain into?

A

Directly into right atrium

39
Q

Describe the phrenic nerves innervation of the heart

A
  • Innervates the fibrous paericardium
  • innervates the parietal layer of serious pericardium
  • Carries pain sensation
40
Q

Describe the vagus nerves innervation of the heart

A

Innervates the heart and visceral layer of serous pericardium

41
Q

What are the 5 main identification features for the RV?

A
  • Tricuspid valve (3 valve cusps, chordae tendineae and papillary muscles)
  • Moderator band
  • Opening for pulmonary trunk
  • Interventricular septum
    Trabecular carnea (contractile fleshy struts)
42
Q

What does the Superior vena cava bifucate from?

A

The left and right brachiocephalic veins

My own anatomy (34 decks)

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