Analgetika, Antipyretika, Antiphlogistika, Antirheumatika Flashcards

1
Q

Nicht-Opioide, saure, NSAIDS

A

Unselektive COX-Hemmung:

  • Acetylsalicylsäure
  • Diclofenac
  • Ibuprofen

Selektive COX2-Hemmung:

  • Celecoxib
  • Etoricoxib (Arthrose u. Arthritis)
  • Parecoxib (parenteral, post op kurzzeitige Schmerztherapie)
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2
Q

Opioide, volle Antagonisten (Nicht saure antipyretische Analgetika)

A
  • Naloxon (parenteral, 30-45 min, akute Vergiftung)
  • Naltrexon (oral, 24-48h, Entzugstherapie)
  • Methylnaltrexon (subkutan, 48h, Opioid induzierte Obstipation)
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3
Q

Nicht opioide Koanalgetika

A
  • Tricyclische Antidepressiva (alpha2-Rez., Na-Kanal)
  • Antikonvulsiva (Ca- Kanal u Na-Kanal)
  • SSRIs (Serotonin-Rez.)
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3
Q

Nicht- Opioide, nicht saure Analgetika

A
  • Paracetamol

- Metamizol/Novaminsulfon

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4
Q

Opioide, volle Agonisten

A

schwach:

  • Codein
  • Tilidin (oral; in Komb. mit Naloxon)
  • Tramadol (oral; Hemmung der Aufnahme von Monoaminen)

stark:
- Morphin (oral u. parenteral; Referenzsubstanz)
- Oxycodon
- Methadon (oral u. parenteral; Entzugstherapie)
- Hydromorphon
- Fentanyl (transdermal)
- Piritramid
- Tapentadol

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5
Q

Partielle Opioid Agonisten

A

-Buprenorphin (transdermal; bei Überdosis hohe Dosen Antagonist notwendig)

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6
Q

Antitussiva

A
  • Codein

- Dihydrocodein

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7
Q

Antidiarrhiokum

A

-Loperamid

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8
Q

NW von Opioiden

A
  • Obstipation 90%
  • Nausea, Emesis 20-40%
  • Sedation 20%
  • Mundtrockenheit
  • Atemdepression
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9
Q

Therapeutischer Einsatz von Opioiden

A
  • Analgesie
  • Myokardinfakt und Lungenödem
  • Husten
  • Diarrhöe
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10
Q

Akute Morphinvergiftung

A

Trias:

  • Miosis
  • flache Atmung
  • Bewusstlosigkeit

Letale Dosis: 0,1g parenteral, 0,3-1,5g peroral

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11
Q

Therapie Morphinvergiftung

A
  • Beatmung

- Naloxon, Cave Entzugssyndrom bei Abhängigen

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12
Q

Therapeutische Einsatz von NSAIDS

A
  • Schmerztherapie bei Knochenmetastasen
  • Migräne
  • medikamentöser Verschluss eines nach der Geburt offengebliebenen Ductus arteriosus Botalli
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13
Q

Arzneimittelinteraktionen mit NSAIDS

A
  • Glucocorticoide
  • ACE-Hemmer
  • Cumarinderivate
  • orale Antidiabetika
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