Anal/Rectal Surgery Flashcards
Define rectal prolapse.
Rectal prolapse is intussusception of the entire thickness of the
rectal wall past the anal canal. It is often associated with anal
incontinence.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 549.
What is the other term for rectal prolapse?
Procidentia
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 549.
List causes of rectal prolapse.
Pudendal neuropathy, spina bifida, decreased pelvic muscular
support, chronic constipation and straining, congenital
deficiency of rectal support, cystic fibrosis, and acute parasitic
diarrheal illness.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 551.
What is the most common symptom experienced by
patients with external hemorrhoids?
Severe pain that is the result of thrombosis.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 556.
What is the primary cause of perianal fistulae?
Infection of the anal glands that are located within the rectal wall
at the dentate line.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 554.
Aside from infection, list other causes of perianal
fistulae.
Crohn’s disease, trauma, neoplasms, radiation therapy, and
inflammation of the peritoneal cavity.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 556.
How is the ultimate treatment of a perianal fistula
determined?
Treatment is based of the causative factor and the anatomic
tract of the fistula.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 554.
How does a fistulectomy differ from a fistulotomy?
A fistulectomy is the removal of the entire fistula tract, whereas
in a fistulotomy, only tissues superficial to the fistula are
excised, allowing the fistula tract to be brought to the level of
the skin.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 555.
What are possible complications of a fistulotomy or
fistulectomy?
Recurrent or nonhealing fistula, fecal incontinence
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 555.
What are the two surgical approaches used in the
treatment of rectal prolapse?
Perineal or abdominal approach. Abdominal approaches have
a lower incidence of fecal incontinence and recurrence.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 549.
How is the surgical treatment of rectal prolapse
determined?
By the patient’s previous surgical history, sphincter function,
age, and any current associated medical conditions.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 549.
What is the purpose of a staple hemorrhoidectomy?
A staple hemorrhoidectomy is used in the treatment of mucosal
hemorrhoidal prolapse.
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 557.
How is a patient positioned for a surgical
hemorrhoidectomy?
Prone-jackknife, left lateral decubitus, or lithotomy
Jaffe RA, Schmiesing CA, Golianu B. Anesthesiologist’s
Manual of Surgical Procedures. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA:
Wolters Kluwer Health, 2014: 557.
